Plant Productions

Plant Productions

Essential Oil Quantity and Quality of Different Plant Organs from Perovskia abrotanoides Karel in Natural Habitat of North Khorasan Province

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
S.H. Pourhosseini 1
M.H. Mirjalili 2
S. Nejad Ebrahimi 3
A. Sonboli 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Phytochemsitry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran
10.22055/ppd.2018.13446
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives
Chemical variability among populations according to their geographical and bio climatic distribution imposes that conservation strategies of populations should be made appropriately, taking into account these factors. Perovskia, with the common Persian name of "Brazemble", a small genus from Lamiaceae family, is distributed in various regions of Asia, as Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The genus is represented in Iran by only three species as P. abrotanoides, P. atriplicifolia and P. artemisoides. The plant is an aromatic shrub which mainly grow in mountains at an altitude of 2200 to 4200 m from Northeastern across center to Southeastern of Iran. All parts of the plant are aromatic, but Perovskia is not edible. The plant is used in Iranian folk medicine as an analgesic in rheumatic pains, treatment of leishmaniasis, fever and headache. The present study, was planned to evaluate variations in essential oil composition and contents of different Plant Organs from P. abrotanoides.
Materials and Methods
In this study, different plant organs (leaf, flower and stalk) of P. abrotanoides were collected from natural habitat in North Khorasan province and their essential oil content and composition were studied. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications for the essential oil contents. Essential oils were analyzed by Gas chromatography (GC) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in respect to their chemical composition.
Results
Essential oil contents of leaf, flower and stalk were 1.0, 2.3 and 0.7% (w/w), respectively. The total number of compounds identified and quantified was thirty-nine in leaf, thirty-two in flower, and thirty-five in stalk, representing 99.4, 99.8, and 98.7 % of the total essential oil, respectively. The major compounds of the essential oil were α-bisabolol (2.6-29 %), 1,8-cineole (11.4-16.5 %), camphor (10.1-21 %), α-pinene (1.9-16.2 %) and δ-3-carene (7.4-11.3 %). Results showed that leaf essential oils of the plant characterized with high content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (41 %). Oxygenated monoterpenes, were rich in flower (42.1 %) and stalk (49.5 %). The main volatile compound identified in the leave was α-bisabolol, which reached a concentration of 29%. The content of essential oil in the flower was higher than that in the leave and stalk.
Discussion
Results of the current study show that the main compounds and content percentage of essential oil were different in each plant parts. By using the hydrodistillation, 32 to 39 compounds were identified representing 98.7% to 99.4 % of the total oil components. The essential oil analysis revealed that α-bisabolol, 1, 8-cineole, camphor, α-pinene and δ-3-carene, were main essential oil constituents in all organs. The variation observed for essential oil content was 0.7% to 2.3% in stalk and flower, respectively. Chemical variation of P. abrotanoides essential oils from different plant parts, which is significant for conservation and breeding programs, can be considered by medicinal plants breeders and pharmaceutical industries for breeding and processing uses.
Keywords
α-bisabolol
Camphor
1
8-Cineole
Lamiaceae
Phytochemical variation
Subjects
References
Adams, R. P. (2007). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/ quadrupole mass spectroscopy.Carol Stream IL: Allured Publishing Cropration.
Aoyagi, Y., Takahashi, Y., Satake, Y. Takeya, K., Aiyama, R., Matsuzaki, T., Hashimoto, Sh. and Kurihara, T. (2006). Cytotoxicity of abietane diterpenoids from Perovskia abrotanoides and their semisynthetic analogue. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 14(15), 5285-5291.
Arabi, F., Moharramipour, S. and Sefidkon, F. (2008). Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Perovskia abrotanoides (Lamiaceae) against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum. International Journal Tropical Insect Science, 28(3), 144-150.
Hosseinzadeh, H. and Amel, S. (2001). Antinociceptive effects of the aerial parts of Perovskia abrotanoides extracts in Mice. Medical Journal of the Iranian Hospital, 4(1), 15-17.
Jaafari, M., Hooshmand, S., Samiei, A. and Hossainzadeh, H. (2007). Evaluation of leishmanicidal effect of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. root extract by in vitro leishmanicidal assayusing promastigotes of Leishmania major. Pharmacologyonline, 1, 299-303.
Mazandarani, M., Beyk Mohammadi, M. and Bayat, H. (2010). Ethno pharmacology and investigation secondary metabolites of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. in two natural regions, North of Iran. Journal on Plant Science Researches, 16(4), 69-77
Moallem, S. A. and Niapour, M. (2008). Study of embryotoxicity of Perovskia abrotanoides, an adulterant infolk-medicine, during organogenesisin mice. Ethnopharmacology, 117(1), 108 114.
Morteza-Semnani, K. (2004). The essential oil composition of Perovskia abrotanoides from Iran. Pharmaceutical Biology, 42(3), 214-216.
Motavalizadeh-Kakhky, A., Rustaiyan, A., Masoudi, Sh., Tabatabaei-Anaraki, M. and Salehi, H. R. (2013) .Composition of the essential oil of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. and Mentha longifolia L. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 12(2), 205-212.
Mozaffarian, V. (1996). A dictionary of Iranian plant names. Tehran: Farhang Moaser Publishers.
Nassiri-Asl, M., Parvardeh, S., Niapour, M. and Hosseinzadeh, H. (2002). Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Perovskia abrotanoides aerial part extracts in mice and rats. Journal of Medicinal Plants 1(3), 25-33.
Nezhadali, A., Masrornia M., Solati, A., Akbarpour, M. and Nakai Moghaddam, M. (2009). Analysis of the flower essential oil at different stages of plant growth and in-vitro antibacterial activity of Perovskia abrotanoides Karal, In Iran. Der Pharma Chemica, 1(1), 146-150.
Pourhosseini, S. H., Mirjalili, M. H. and Nejad Ebrahimi, S. (2014). Variability in the essential oil content and composition of different plant parts of Perovskia abrotaoides (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Iran. Presented at the 3rd National Congress on Medicinal Plants (Abstract), Mashhad.
Rustaiyan, A. H., Masoudi, Sh., Ameri, N., Samiee, K. and Monfared, A. (2006). Volatile constituents of Ballota aucheri Boiss, stachys benthamiana Boiss and Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. growing wild in Iran. Essential Oil Researcher, 6, 3-5.
Safaei-ghomi, J. and Batooli, H. (2010). Determination of bioactive molecules from flowers, leaves, stems and roots of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. Growing In Central Iran by Nano Scale Injection, 5(2), 551-556.
Sajjadi, S. E., M ehregan, I., Khatamsaz, M. and Asgari, Ghe. (2008). Chemical composition of the essential oil of Perovskia abrotanoides karel growing wild in Iran. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 20(4), 445-446.
Sardashti, A. R., Valizadeh, J. and Adhami, Y. (2013). Variation in the essential oil composition of Perovskia abrotonoides of different growth stage in Baluchestan. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 13(6), 781-784.
 
Plant Productions
Volume 40, Issue 4
Winter 2018
Pages 53-62