Plant Productions

Plant Productions

The effect of camel manure and manganese sulfate on yield and yield components of Foxtail millet (Setaria italic)

Document Type : Research Paper - Agronomy

Authors
Sadegh Salehinia 1
Mohammad Ali Behdani 2
Mohammad Hassan Sayyari Zahan 3
HamidReza Fallahi 4
1 MSc. Graduate. Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics (Plant and Environmental Stresses Research Group), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran
10.22055/ppd.2023.41899.2057
Abstract
Introduction
Increasing the yield of agricultural products per unit area is very important for preparing the food needed by the growing population of the country. One of the solutions is to add fertilizers in different forms and compositions to the soil to increase crop yield and strengthen soil fertility. Far away has been common all over the world.
 
Materials and Methods
In order to investigate the effect of different levels of camel manure and manganese sulfate on growth and yield and yield components of Setaria italic, a factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2009-2010 in Abuzar well cultivated lands. Khosf city was implemented. Experimental treatments included: camel manure at three levels (0, 10 and 20 t / ha) and manganese sulfate at four levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha).
 
Results and Discussion
The results of statistical analysis of the data showed that different levels of manure and manganese sulfate and the interaction between them had a significant effect on biological yield, number of grains per panicle and grain yield. So that the highest values ​​of the above indices were observed in the treatment of manure 20 tons per hectare and 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. The highest and lowest number of panicles were obtained in the treatment of 20 tons of camel manure and the application of 30 kg/ha of manganese sulfate and the control treatment without the use of camel manganese and manganese sulfate. The length of the panicle was also affected by the main effects of manure and manganese sulfate. So that the maximum panicle length was obtained in the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of manure and the treatment of 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. The effect of manure levels on number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant and number of plants per square meter was significant, but other effects had no significant effect on these traits and the highest number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant and number of plants In the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure were obtained per square meter. The main effects of different levels of manure and manganese sulfate at the level of one percent probability had a significant effect on 1000-grain weight and millet harvest index, but the interaction of these factors did not have a significant effect on these traits. The highest 1000-seed weight was observed in the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure and the treatment of 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. Also, the highest harvest index was related to the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure and also the highest harvest index was obtained from the consumption of 60 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate.
 
Conclusion
Finally, it can be concluded that the best treatments in this experiment were the use of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure and 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. In fact, manure improves plant growth by gradually providing elements and using micronutrients. The use of manure is one of the appropriate solutions to achieve ecological agriculture that can increase agricultural production and due to the fact that most of the soils of South Khorasan province are calcareous and manganese deficient, the use of this element can be Help to remove this limitation and increase plant yield.
 
Keywords
Dry weight
Manure
Micronutrient
Yield
Subjects
Abedini Dastgerdi, H. 2016. The effect of different methods of fertilizer application on growth and yield of buckwheat. Master Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord. [In Persian]
Ahmadian, A., Ghanbari, A., & Throat, M. 2004. The effect of animal manure application on yield, yield components and quality of cumin. Abstract Proceedings of the Second Conference on Medicinal Plants. Shahed University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Arif, M., Tasneem, M., Bashir, F., Yaseen, G., & Iqbal, R.M. 2014. Effect of integrated use of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on yield and yield components of rice. Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(2), 197-206.
Asgaripour, M.R., & Khazamipour, M. 2013. The effect of livestock manure on yield and weed control in mixed cultivation of (Setaria italic) and (Vigna radiate) mung bean. Agricultural Journal, 15(1), 175-190[In Persian]
Broadley, M.R., Philip, J.W., Hammond, J.P., Zelko, I., & Alexander, L. 2007. Zinc in plants. New Phytologist, 173, 677–702.
Damar, W.K., Garba, A., Russom, Z., Ibrahim, S.A., Haggai, P.T., & Dikwahal, H.D. 2016. Effect of poultry manure on growth and yield of finger millet (Eleusine Coracana L. Gaertn) in the Northern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria. Production Agriculture and Technology Journal, 12(1), 173-180.
Daneshian, J., Rahmani, N., & Ali Mohammadi, M. 2012. The effect of animal manure and nitrogen application on physiological characteristics of medicinal plants under drought stress (Calendula officinalis L.) marigold. New agricultural findings, 3(3), 231-253 . [In Persian]
Fatondji, D., & Ibrahim. A. 2018. Improving nutrient use efficiency from decomposing manure and millet yield under Plinthosols in Niger. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 110, 485–499.
Ghadiri, H., & Majidian, M. 2003. The effect of nitrogen levels and interruption of irrigation on yield, yield components and water use efficiency in corn (Zea mays). Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 7(2), 103-112.
Goldani, M., & Fazeli, S. 2014. Evaluation of the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of three sesame ecotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Research, 12(1), 127-136. [In Persian]
Ghosh, P.K., Ramesh, P., Bandyopadhay, K.K., Tripathi, A.K., Hati, K.M., & Misra, A.K. 2004. Comparative effectiveness of cattle manure, poultry manure, phosphocompost and fertilizer-NPK on three cropping systems in vertisoils of semi-arid tropics. I. Crop yields and systems in performance. Bioresource Technology, 95, 77-83.
Hasemi, M., Behdani, M.A., Jamialahmadi, M., & Fallahi, H.R. 2022. Growth and Yield of Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) as Affected by Different Levels of Organic Fertilizer and Zinc Sulfate. Journal of Agroecology, 14(1), 95-113.
Irshad, M., Eneji, A.E., Hussain, Z., & Ashraf, M. 2013. Chemical characterization of fresh and composted livestock manures. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 13(1), 115-121.
Jami, M.Q., Qalavand, A., Mokhtasi Bidgoli, A., Arani Gardening, A., & Namdari, A. 2018. Effect of manure, zeolite and irrigation on soil properties and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed yield. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 20(2), 151-167. [In Persian]
Javadi, H., Islamic Trust, M.J., & Mousavi, S. 2016. The effect of foliar application of iron, zinc and manganese on quantitative and qualitative traits of two grain millet cultivars. Journal of production and processing of agricultural and horticultural products, 6(21), 121-132. [In Persian]
Jeyabal, A., & Kuppuswamy, G. 2001. Recycling of organic wastes for the production of vermicompost and its response in rice-legume cropping system and soil fertility. European Journal of Agronomy, 15(3), 153-170.
Kamarki, H., & Throat, M. 2012. Evaluation of foliar application of iron micronutrients, zinc and zinc on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of safflower. Journal of Agricultural Ecology, 3(4), 201-206. [In Persian]
Khatamipour, M. 2014. Effects of farm yard manure application on weed control and yield in millet- mungbean intercropping. Journal of crops improvement, 15(1), 175-190.
Khosravi, H., & Mahmoudi, H. 2013. The effect of Azotobacter inoculation with livestock manure on the growth of rainfed wheat. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 2(3), 205-219. [In Persian]
Mehrani, A., Mosavat, S.A., Shoshi, A.A., Abasi, M.R., Najafinejad, H., Tabatabaei, S.A., & Ghasemi, A.R. 2013. Bastan, A New Foxtail Millet Cultivar Adapted to Short Growing Season for Forage Production. Seed and Plant Journal, 4, 1-29.
Mirtalebi, S.H., Karimi, A., Soleimani, A., & Hodji, M. 2014. Effect of manganese on yield, yield components and grain quality of wheat cultivars. Iranian Agricultural Research, 12(4), 649-657. [In Persian]
Moslehi, N., Niknejad, Y., Fallah Amoli, H., & Kheiri, N. 2016. The effect of combined application of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers on some morphophysiological traits of Tarom Hashemi rice. Crop physiology, 8(30), 87-103. [In Persian]
Najafi, R. 2007. Compatibility study and comparison of grain millet masses in climatic conditions of Sistan region. Master Thesis, Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University. [In Persian]
Nejad Hosseini, T., Astarai, A., Khorasani, R., & Emami, H. 2011. Investigation of two types of organic fertilizers with elements on and on yield, yield components and nutrient concentrations in common millet grain. Iranian Journal of Crop Research, 9(1), 70-77. [In Persian]
Pahlavan Rad, M., Kikha, Gh., & Norwegian Rad, M .2008.The effect of zinc, iron and manganese application on yield, yield components, nutrient uptake concentration in wheat grain. Research and construction in agriculture and horticulture, 79, 142-150. [In Persian]
Rezaei Chianeh, A., Zehtab Salmasi, S., Pirzad, A., & Rahimi, A. 2015. The effect of foliar application of iron, zinc and manganese micronutrients on yield, yield components and marigold oil. Horticultural Sciences (Agricultural Sciences and Industries, 29(1), 95-102. [In Persian]
Ronaghi, A., Parvizi, Y., & Karimian, N. 2010. The effect of nitrogen and manganese on the growth and chemical composition of spinach. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources, 5(14), 71-83 [In Persian]
Sharifi Jahan Tigh, G.h.R., & Abbasi, M.R. 2009. Millet and its siloing. Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Jihad Organization of Golestan Province, Love of Science Publications, 41 pages. [In Persian]
Singer, W.J., Sally, S.D., & Meek, D.W. 2007. Tillage and compost effects on corn growth, nutrient accumulation, and grain yield. Agronomy Journal, 99, 80-87.
Tavassoli, A., Ghanbari, A., Ramadan, D., & Mousavi Nik, S.M. 2010. The effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of millet, qualitative millet pearl and red bean in intercropping. Journal of Crop and Weed Ecophysiology, 4(15), 1-16. [In Persian]
Plant Productions
Volume 46, Issue 1
Spring 2023
Pages 91-103