Plant Productions

The effect of manure and humic acid fertilizer on ions concentrations in cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) under salinity stress

Mahboobeh Sardar; Mohammad Ali Behdani; Seyd vahid Eslami; Gholam Reza Zamani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 20 August 2023

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2023.42864.2075

Abstract

Introduction: Cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) has a special position as one of the most important crops in the country. Considering that salinity stress is one of the most important stresses, ... Read More Introduction: Cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) has a special position as one of the most important crops in the country. Considering that salinity stress is one of the most important stresses, it threatens cotton production in arid and semi-arid regions of the country and the world, it is possible to reduce the adverse effects of salinity stress through application of organic fertilizers (manure and humic acid). In addition, Organic inputs can guarantee both agricultural production and nature conservation. The current approach is to employ the organic compounds like manure and humic acid (that are cost-effective and eco-friendly) as an appropriate substitute for chemical fertilizers. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out to assess the effect of manure and humic acid application on some elements accumulation and ions concentrations in cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) (cotton leaves) under salinity stress. The experiment was conducted as a factorial split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in the 2019-2020 cropping year in Beshravieh city in South Khorasan. The main plot included different levels of irrigation water salinity at three levels (2.5, 5.5 and 8.5 ds.m-1) and sub-plots consisted of a factorial combination of manure at two levels (0 and 20 t/h) and humic acid at two levels (0 and 200 gr/ 100 kg of seeds as priming). In order to measure the concentration of sodium (Na) and potassium (K) elements, it was done using a film photometer and chlorine concentration based on the method provided by Johnson and Ulrich (1995). In order to assess the cotton yield, the yield of two consecutive harvests were added together and was considered as the seed cotton yield of each experimental unit. Results and Discussion: The results of the present study illustrated that the salinity stress increased the concentration of Na+, and Cl- on cotton leaves and consequently decreased K+ concentration. The increase of salinity stress from 2.5 to 5.5 and 8.5 dS/m caused a significant concentration in yield. Manure application treatment increased Na+ (13.45%), K+ (2.67%), Cl- (18.30%) concentration in the plant leaves and seed cotton yield (13/90 %) compared to the no use of manure. Humic acid application treatment decreased Na+ (3.08%), Cl- (9.78%) concentration and increased K+ concentration (4.17%) and cotton yield (9/15 %) and improved the growth conditions compared to the treatment of no use of humic acid. The application of manure (before planting) and humic acid (as priming treatment) increased the seed cotton yield by improving the accumulation of beneficial elements in the leaves under salinity stress conditions. Conclusion: Based on the results of this experiment, it can be concluded that the application of manure and humic acid (priming) moderated the negative effects of salinity stress on plant yield. In addition, manure and humic acid can be used as an effective and alternative fertilizer in order to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers and salinity stress in hot and dry climates. Therefore, manure and humic acid (organic fertilizers) are recommended to be applied under (environmental stresses) salinity stress conditions to mitigate the effects of salt stress and obtain a greater higher yield.

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Investigating the Effect of Mycorrhizal Arbuscular Fungus and Vermiculus Solubilizing on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Gazania under Drought Stress Conditions

Leila Moradi Dastjerdi; Sepideh Kalateh jari; Foad Fatehi; Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi

Volume 44, Issue 2 , August 2021, , Pages 195-210

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2020.29791.1773

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionDrought is one of the major environmental constraints that limits plant growth and productivity more than any other environmental factors. Recent Mycorrhizal arbescular ... Read More AbstractIntroductionDrought is one of the major environmental constraints that limits plant growth and productivity more than any other environmental factors. Recent Mycorrhizal arbescular application to affeviate drought stress in many plants has been reported. Vermiwash can be used in two forms of foliar application or drench. It contains several enzymes, plant growth hormones, vitamins and macro and micro nutrients which can enhance plants tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, as well as crop yield efficiency. Materials and MethodsIn order to investigate Mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi and Vermiwash foliar application on Gazania (Gazania rigens L.) growth and flowering characteristics under drought stress a greenhouse experiment with factorial design was conducted based on complete randomized blocks by considering three factors including MA fungi in two levels (incubation with MA and non- incubated plants), Vermiwash foliar application in four levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm) and imposing drought stress in three levels (irrigation based on 40, 70 and 100% field capacity) with three replications in the greenhouse and laboratory of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Tehran University in 2018. Studied traits involved plant height, number and leaf area, flower diameter and number, aerial fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll and carotenoid amount, N, P and K quantity of leaves. Analysis of variance’s results indicated that the influence of main effect of droughtt stress, MA and Vermiwash on the measured traits were considerably functional. Results and DiscussionThe maximum value of leaf’s carbohydrate was achieved in drought stress with the high severity in 40% of FC witch was 32.46 mg/gr. MA caused elevation in macro elements amount of the leaves. Foliar application of Vermiwash increased flower number and dimention and macro elements amounts as well. Among the Vermiwash treatments, foliat application of 200 ppm treatment reduced the negative effects of drought stress on plants. Comparison of the mean of dual effect of vermicompost in drought stress showed that the highest plant height in 200 ppm Vermiwash was 100% irrigation and the lowest value was in 50 ppm Vermiwash in irrigation 40% of field capacity. The lowest amount of chlorophyll a was observed in 40% water capacity and no Mycorrhizal fungi application. The highest leaf carbohydrate content was observed in irrigation treatments with 40% and 200 ppm Vermiwash. Conclusionvegetative growth decreased with increasig drought stress intensity from optimal irrigation level to severe stress. The use of Mycorrhiza and Vermiwash was positive compared to the control (Non-use), consumption of 100 and 200 ppm Vermiwash has better performance than other levels. Gazania responds to intense stress with more intensity than mild stress. It is recommended to prevent severe stress during the plant growth period. In this regard, the use of symbiotic fungi as well as Vermiwash foliar application (100 and 200 ppm) can help maintain plant growth by increasing plant tolerance to increasing stress intensity.

Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous and Methanol Extract of Ferula Foetida on Tomato (Lycopersicun escolentum) Seed Germination

Gh Taheri

Volume 39, Issue 3 , December 2016, , Pages 65-76

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2016.12333

Abstract

Background and Objectives Allelopaty is regarded as a natural protecting strategy involving plant secoundary metabolites that influence the growth and development of surrounding biological ... Read More Background and Objectives Allelopaty is regarded as a natural protecting strategy involving plant secoundary metabolites that influence the growth and development of surrounding biological system. Determining the mode of action of secondary metabolites as allelochemicals is one of the challenging aspects in allelopathic research. Today, allelochemicals have been proposed to cause oxidative stress in some of neighbor plants and inhibited their cell proliferation; however, its mechanism of action remains unexplored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytotoxic effect of leaf aqueous and methanol extract of Ferula foetida on physiological and biochemical processes during germination of tomato seeds. Material and Methods Effects of allelochemicals extracted from Ferula foetida on tomato (Lycopersicun escolentum) seed germination were investigated. For these purposes, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in plant physiology laboratory of Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch. The first factor included allelopatic materials in three levels including 10% aqueous and methanolic extract of Ferula foetida(gathered in early vegetative growth period), and control and the second factor was time of sampling in 5 levels including sampling in 24,48,72,96 and 120 hours after imbibition. Results The results showed that tomato seed viability, Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide and antioxidative enzyme activity such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were significantly affected by treatment. In the earliest time of imbibition, both aqueous and methanol extracts, the activity of APX of tomato seed was the lowest, while the PPO showed the highest activity. The highest loss of seed viability, H2O2 and MDA, was in the seed treated with aqueous extract after 120 h, and the highest activity of antioxidative enzymes was in 72 h after exposure to water extract phytotoxins. Discussions Our results showed that despite the activation of the antioxidant system by Ferula foetida phytotoxic, reactive oxygen species accumulation caused cellular damage which resulted in decrease of gradual loss of tomato’s seed viability. In addition, this study demonstrated that aqueus and alcholic extraction materials from Ferula foetida exhibited cosiderable allelochemical potential. Therfore, this compound could be utilized to generate a new generation of herbicidees that are more ecologically friendly.

Quantity and quality improving of soybean yield by zinc and iron foliar application under drought stress

M. Jalili Sheshbahre; M. Movahhedi Dehnavi; S.M. Hashemi jazi

Volume 36, Issue 2 , September 2013, , Pages 111-122

Abstract

In order to study the effect of foliar application of zinc and iron on yield quantity and quality of Soybean (Glycine max (L.)) under drought stress, an experiment was carried out as ... Read More

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Keywords = stress

The effect of manure and humic acid fertilizer on ions concentrations in cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) under salinity stress

Abstract

Investigating the Effect of Mycorrhizal Arbuscular Fungus and Vermiculus Solubilizing on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Gazania under Drought Stress Conditions

Abstract

Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous and Methanol Extract of Ferula Foetida on Tomato (Lycopersicun escolentum) Seed Germination

Abstract

Quantity and quality improving of soybean yield by zinc and iron foliar application under drought stress

Abstract