تولیدات گیاهی

تولیدات گیاهی

تأثیر شدت‌های مختلف نور ال ای دی قرمز و آبی دائمی بر عملکرد و سنتز متابولیت‌های ثانویه ریزسبزی ریحان

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی - سبزی و صیفی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
شدت نور یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل محیطی است که رشد، ریتم درونی گیاه و سنتز متابولیت‌های ثانویه را کنترل می‌کند. این پژوهش در دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز در بهمن‌ماه سال 1402 انجام شد. در این مطالعه اثر شدت‌های مختلف نور ال ای دی قرمز+آبی دائمی شامل 82/8 ، 165/6 ، 248/4 و 331/2 میکرو مول بر مترمربع در ثانیه بر عملکرد و سنتز متابولیت‌های ثانویه سه رقم (کاپور، رد روبین، وایولتا) و یک ژنوتیپ (ابلق) ریزسبزی‌ ریحان به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در اتاق پرورش با چهار تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ساده شدت نور بر تمام صفات مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد داشت و همچنین اثر ساده رقم و  برهم‌کنش شدت نور و رقم بر تمام صفات مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی‌داری ایجاد کردند. شدت نور 331/2میکرومول بر مترمربع در ثانیه توانست ویژگی‌های بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد تمامی ارقام ریزسبزی ریحان را افزایش دهد. بیشترین عملکرد در رقم رد روبین (4/1 کیلوگرم در مترمربع) با شدت نور 331/2 میکرومول بر مترمربع در ثانیه به دست آمد و این رقم از نظر عملکرد با سایر ارقام در این شدت نور تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. بالاترین ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (78 درصد مهارکنندگی DPPH)، میزان آنتوسیانین (31 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن‌تر)، ویتامین ث (306 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن‌تر) و ترکیبات فنولی (2039 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن‌تر) در ژنوتیپ ابلق تحت شدت نور 331/2 میکرومول بر مترمربع در ثانیه اندازه‌گیری شد و این ژنوتیپ از نظر صفات مورد مطالعه با سایر ارقام در این شدت نور تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. گرچه بیشترین مقدار فلاونوئید در رقم وایولتا (8/4 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) تحت شدت نور 331/2 میکرومول بر متر مربع در ثانیه مشاهده شد اما این تفاوت در مقایسه با سایر ارقام تحت همان شدت نور از نظر آماری معنی‌دار نبود. بیشترین میزان پرولین در رقم رد روبین (3/61 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن‌تر) تحت شدت نور 331/2 میکرومول بر مترمربع در ثانیه اندازه‌گیری شد و با سایر ارقام در این شدت نور تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. عملکرد ریزسبزی ریحان با ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، میزان آنتوسیانین، کربوهیدرات، پرولین، ویتامین ث، ترکیبات فنولی کل و فلاونوئیدها همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد داشت. براساس نتایج تمام ارقام ریزسبزی ریحان مورد مطالعه تحت شدت نور 331/2 میکرو مول بر مترمربع در ثانیه پتانسیل بالایی در سنتز ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی نشان دادند. به‌طورکلی ژنوتیپ ابلق تحت طیف نور ال ای دی قرمز و آبی دائم با شدت نور 331/2 میکرو مول بر مترمربع در ثانیه به دلیل خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی بالا و ارزش غذایی بیشتر می‌تواند جهت پرورش ریزسبزی ریحان در سامانة شناور استفاده گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of different intensities of continuous red and blue LED light on yield and secondary metabolites synthesis of basil microgreens

نویسندگان English

Afsaneh Abbasi 1
Naser Alemzadeh Ansari 2
Mohammadreza Fayezizadeh 3
1 PhD student, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 PhD, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction
Nowadays, people pay more attention to proper nutrition and the impact of food on their health. Leafy greens constitute a large part of this diet and play a vital role in ensuring food security and meeting people's daily needs. The reason for the growing interest in consuming leafy greens is that these vegetables contain significant amounts of bioactive nutrients such as minerals, vitamins, dietary fiber, and biochemicals. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)  microgreen is a valuable plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, which is known as a superfood in the 21st century due to its high antioxidant index, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and carotenoids. In addition to their antioxidant and nutritional properties, microgreens are introduced as one of the strategic products that can be produced in vegetable production factories due to their short growth period, compatibility with soilless cultivation systems, ability to be cultivated in layered cultivation systems and high profitability. However, there are several challenges facing vegetable producers that hinder the development of microgreen cultivation. One of the most important production parameters is light intensity, the results of which are limited on the performance and synthesis of basil microgreen secondary metabolites in past research.
 Materials and Methods
This research was conducted at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, in February 2024. In this study, the effects of five light intensity levels including 82.8 µmol m-2s-1, 165.6 µmol m-2s-1, 248.4 µmol m-2s-1 and 331.2 µmol m-2s-1 on the yield and antioxidant response of three cultivars (Violeto, Kapoor, and Red Rubin) and one genotype (Ablagh genotype) of basil microgreens were investigated using a split-plot approach based on a randomized complete block design in a floating system with four replications.
 Results and Discussion
The results showed that the simple effect of light intensity on all studied traits had a significant difference at the 1% level. Also, the simple effect of cultivar and the interaction between light intensity and cultivar on all studied traits created a significant difference. The light intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2s-1 was able to increase all the biochemical characteristics and yield of all basil microgreens cultivars. The highest yield was obtained in Red Rubin cultivar (4.1 kg m-2) with light intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2s-1, and had no difference with other cultivars in terms of yield. The highest antioxidant capacity (78.31 %DPPH inhibition), anthocyanin (31.0 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight), vitamin C (306.1 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight) and phenolic compounds (2039.6 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight) were measured in Ablagh genotype under light intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2 s-1, and this basil genotype had no difference with other cultivars in terms of this study traits. The highest amount of flavonoid content was measured in Violeto cultivar (8.42 mg g-1 fresh weight) under light intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2s-1, and had no difference with other cultivars in terms of flavonoids content. The highest amount of proline was measured in Red Rubin cultivar (3.61 mg g-1 fresh weight) grown under a light intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2s-1, and had no difference with other cultivars in terms of flavonoids content. Basil microgreen yield had a positive and significant correlation with antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin, carbohydrate, proline, vitamin C, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids at the 1% level.
 Conclusion
The light intensity of red+blue LED lamps affected the synthesis of secondary metabolites and the yield of basil microgreens. Based on the results, all basil microgreen cultivars showed a high potential in the antioxidant compounds synthesis under the light intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2s-1. In general, Ablagh genotype under continuous red and blue LED light with intensity of 331.2 µmol m-2s-1 due to its high antioxidant properties and higher nutritional value can be used for the cultivation of basil microgreens in the floating system.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Antioxidant capacity
Carotenoid
Flavonoids
Phenolic compounds
Vitamin C
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