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پاسخ آنتی اکسیداتیو و رنگدانه‌ای گیاه زرشک ژاپنی (Berberis thunbergii) به نانو الیسیتورهای اکسید روی و دی‌اکسید سریم

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی - گیاهان دارویی و معطر

نویسندگان

گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

زرشک ژاپنی (Berberis thunbergii)، درختچه‌ای چندساله و چوبی است که در مناطق مختلفی از ایران و جهان می‌روید. به منظور مطالعه تغییرات صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی زرشک ژاپنی تحت تأثیر الیسیتورهای غیرزنده، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه و آزمایشگاه دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره) در سال زراعی‌ 1400-1399 انجام شد. در این پژوهش، سه تیمار شامل الیسیتورهای نانو اکسید روی (ZnO) با غلظت 1/0 گرم در لیتر و نانوذره دی‌اکسید سریم (CeO2) با غلظت 0002/0 گرم در لیتر و شاهد (بدون الیسیتور)، در سه تکرار بررسی و میزان پروتئین، آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و همچنین رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی مورد استخراج و اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که اثر تیمار با الیسیتورهای نانوذرات دی‌اکسید ‌سریم و اکسید روی بر میزان پروتئین برگ، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدان‌ها و همچنین میزان رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که این دو الیسیتور محتوای پروتئین برگ را نسبت به شاهد به ترتیب به میزان 2/26 و 4/12 درصد افزایش دادند ولی بر محتوای پروتئین ریشه تاثیر معنی‌داری نداشته‌اند. دی‌اکسید سریم باعث کاهش 1/77 درصدی فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول ‌پراکسیداز در ریشه گردید؛ ولی در برگ، فعالیت این آنزیم بر اثر تیمار با اکسید روی 8/134 درصد افزایش یافت. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز برگ (افزایش 2/25 درصدی نسبت به شاهد) به تیمار اکسید روی مرتبط بود. کم‌ترین محتوای آنزیم کاتالاز برگ و ریشه با دی‌اکسید سریم و اکسید روی به دست آمد. اکسید روی باعث افزایش 8/111 درصدی فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات ‌پراکسیداز برگ گردید؛ در ریشه، بیشترین و کم‌ترین میزان فعالیت این آنزیم به ترتیب از تیمار شاهد و دی‌اکسید سریم به دست آمد. هر دو الیسیتور، فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز برگ را نسبت به شاهد بطور معنی‌داری افزایش دادند (به ترتیب 6/128 و 1/157 درصد)؛ ولی، تنها تیمار با اکسید روی موجب افزایش معنی‌دار و 5/25 درصدی فعالیت این آنزیم در ریشه گردید. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم گلوتاتیون ‌ردوکتاز برگ و ریشه در تیمار با اکسید روی مشاهده شد (افزایش 3/23 و 5/12 درصدی نسبت به شاهد). نانو اکسید روی میزان کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید برگ را نسبت به شاهد به ترتیب 4/93 و 5/67 درصد افزایش داد. از این تحقیق چنین نتیجه‌گیری شد که الیسیتور نانوذرات اکسید روی بیشترین تأثیر را در افزایش میزان رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی و فعالیت آنزیم‌ها داشته است. با استفاده از این الیسیتور در کشت‌ زرشک ژاپنی می‌توان میزان آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانی را افزایش داد و از عصاره گیاه به عنوان آنتی‌اکسیدان قوی در تولیدات دارویی بهره‌مند شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Antioxidative and pigment response of Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) to Zinc oxide and Cerium dioxide nano elicitors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadiseh Sadeghi
  • Jafar Ahmadi
  • Farhad Habibzadeh
  • Sedigheh Fabriki Ourang

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) is a perennial and woody shrub that grows in different regions of Iran and the world. The Berberidaceae family has a high potential in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Elicitors are biotic or abiotic stimulators that can induce responses in plants. Abiotic elicitors are used to increase secondary metabolites in plants. Nanoparticles have minimum dimensions between one and 100 nanometers, which have specific physical and chemical properties. Like many nanoparticles, zinc oxide and cerium dioxide nanoparticles are toxic to living organisms. The mechanism of toxicity of nanoparticles is generally contributed to the induction of oxidative stress which lead to the formation of free radicals. Nanoparticles of zinc oxide and cerium dioxide can increase the antioxidant capacity of plants by stimulating oxidative stress. 
Material and methods
In order to study the changes in the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Japanese barberry under the influence of abiotic elicitors, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse and laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Imam Khomeini International University in 2019. Treatments were included zinc oxide elicitors (0.1 g/L) and cerium dioxide nanoparticles (0.0002 g/L) and control (no elicitor). In this research, the amounts of protein, antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments in tissues of Japanese barberry were measured. Data analysis was done with SAS 9.1.3 statistical software. Comparison of means was done with Duncan's multiple range test and graphs were drawn using Excel software. 
Results and Discussion
The results of the data analysis of variance showed that the effect of treatment with cerium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticle elicitors on the amount of leaf protein, antioxidant activity and also the amount of photosynthetic pigments was significant. Comparison of the means showed that these two elicitors increased the leaf protein content by 26.2% and 12.4%, respectively, compared to the control, but they did not have a significant effect on the root protein content. Cerium dioxide decreased the activity of guaiacol peroxidase enzyme by 77.1% in the root; But in leaves, the activity of this enzyme increased by 134.8% due to treatment with zinc oxide. The highest activity of leaf superoxide dismutase enzyme (25.2% increase compared to control) was related to zinc oxide treatment. The lowest content of catalase enzyme in leaves and roots was obtained with cerium dioxide and zinc oxide. Zinc oxide increased the activity of leaf ascorbate peroxidase enzyme by 111.8%; In the root, the highest and lowest activity levels of this enzyme were obtained in the control and cerium dioxide treatments, respectively. Both elicitors significantly increased the leaf peroxidase enzyme activity compared to the control (128.6% and 157.1%, respectively); However, only the treatment with zinc oxide caused a significant increase of 25.5% in the activity of this enzyme in the root. The highest activity of glutathione reductase enzyme in leaf and root was observed in zinc oxide treatment (23.3% and 12.5% increase compared to control). Nano zinc oxide increased the amount of total chlorophyll and carotenoid in the leaves compared to the control by 93.4 and 67.5%, respectively. 
Conclusion
It was concluded that zinc oxide nanoparticles elicitor had the greatest effect in increasing the amount of photosynthetic pigments and enzyme activity. By using this elicitor in Japanese barberry culture, the amount of antioxidant enzymes can be increased and the extract can be used as a strong antioxidant in pharmaceutical products.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Enzyme
  • Nanoparticles
  • Photosynthetic pigment
  • Physiological traits
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 47، شماره 1
خرداد 1403
صفحه 131-146
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هم رسانی
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