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تأثیر سطوح کود دامی و سولفات منگنز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارزن دم روباهی Setaria italic L.

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی - زراعت

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند ایران.

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی (گروه پژوهشی گیاه و تنش‌های محیطی) دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کود دامی شتر و سولفات منگنز بر رشد و عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارزن دم­روباهی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی بـا سـه تکـرار در سـال زراعی  99-1398 در اراضی تحت کشت چاه ابوذر، شهرستان خوسف اجـرا گردیـد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: کود شتر در سه سطح (0، 10 و 20 تن در هکتار) و سولفات منگنز در چهار سطح (0، 30، 60 و 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف کود شتر و سولفات منگنز و اثر برهمکنش بین آن­هـا تـأثیر معنـی­داری بـر عملکرد بیولوژیک، تعداد دانه در خوشه و عملکرد دانه داشتند. به طوری که بیشترین مقادیر شاخص­های فوق در تیمار کود شتر 20 تن در هکتار و 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات منگنز مشاهده شد. بیشترین و کمترین تعداد پانیکول به ترتیب در تیمار 20 تن کود شتر و کاربرد 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات منگنز و تیمار شاهد بدون استفاده از کود شتر و سولفات منگنز بدست آمد. همچنین طول پانیکول تحت تأثیر اثرات اصلی میزان کود دامی و سولفات منگنز قرار گرفت. به طوری که بیشترین طول پانیکول در تیمار مصرف 20 تن در هکتار کود دامی و تیمار استفاده از 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات منگنز حاصل شد. اثر سطوح کود دامی بر تعداد پنجه در بوته، تعداد خوشه در بوته و تعداد بوته در متر مربع معنی­دار بود اما سایر اثرات بر این صفات تأثیر معنی­داری نداشتند و بیشترین میزان تعداد پنجه در بوته، تعداد خوشه در بوته و تعداد بوته در متر مربع در تیمار 20 تن در هکتار کود دامی شتر بدست آمدند. اثرات اصلی سطوح مختلف کود دامی و سولفات منگنز در سطح احتمال یک درصد تأثیر معنی­داری بر وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت ارزن داشتند اما اثر متقابل این فاکتورها تأثیر معنی­داری بر این صفات نداشتند. بیشترین میزان وزن هزار دانه در تیمار مصرف 20 تن در هکتار کود شتر و تیمار 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات منگنز مشاهده شد. همچنین بالاترین شاخص برداشت مربوط به تیمار 20 تن در هکتار کود شتر بود و همچنین از مصرف 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات منگنز بیشترین میزان شاخص برداشت بدست آمد. در نهایت می­توان نتیجه گرفت برترین تیمارها در این آزمایش مصرف 20 تن در هکتار کود شتر و 90 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات منگنز، بودند. در واقع کود دامی با در اختیار قرار دادن تدریجی عناصر و استفاده از عنصر ریز مغذی منجر به بهبود رشد گیاه می­گردد. استفاده ازکود دامی از جمله راهکارهای مناسب جهت نیل به کشاورزی اکولوژیک است که می­تواند تولیدات کشاورزی را افزایش دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of camel manure and manganese sulfate on yield and yield components of Foxtail millet (Setaria italic)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sadegh Salehinia 1
  • Mohammad Ali Behdani 2
  • Mohammad Hassan Sayyari Zahan 3
  • HamidReza Fallahi 4

1 MSc. Graduate. Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran.

4 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics (Plant and Environmental Stresses Research Group), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Increasing the yield of agricultural products per unit area is very important for preparing the food needed by the growing population of the country. One of the solutions is to add fertilizers in different forms and compositions to the soil to increase crop yield and strengthen soil fertility. Far away has been common all over the world.
 
Materials and Methods
In order to investigate the effect of different levels of camel manure and manganese sulfate on growth and yield and yield components of Setaria italic, a factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2009-2010 in Abuzar well cultivated lands. Khosf city was implemented. Experimental treatments included: camel manure at three levels (0, 10 and 20 t / ha) and manganese sulfate at four levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha).
 
Results and Discussion
The results of statistical analysis of the data showed that different levels of manure and manganese sulfate and the interaction between them had a significant effect on biological yield, number of grains per panicle and grain yield. So that the highest values ​​of the above indices were observed in the treatment of manure 20 tons per hectare and 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. The highest and lowest number of panicles were obtained in the treatment of 20 tons of camel manure and the application of 30 kg/ha of manganese sulfate and the control treatment without the use of camel manganese and manganese sulfate. The length of the panicle was also affected by the main effects of manure and manganese sulfate. So that the maximum panicle length was obtained in the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of manure and the treatment of 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. The effect of manure levels on number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant and number of plants per square meter was significant, but other effects had no significant effect on these traits and the highest number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant and number of plants In the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure were obtained per square meter. The main effects of different levels of manure and manganese sulfate at the level of one percent probability had a significant effect on 1000-grain weight and millet harvest index, but the interaction of these factors did not have a significant effect on these traits. The highest 1000-seed weight was observed in the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure and the treatment of 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. Also, the highest harvest index was related to the treatment of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure and also the highest harvest index was obtained from the consumption of 60 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate.
 
Conclusion
Finally, it can be concluded that the best treatments in this experiment were the use of 20 tons per hectare of camel manure and 90 kg per hectare of manganese sulfate. In fact, manure improves plant growth by gradually providing elements and using micronutrients. The use of manure is one of the appropriate solutions to achieve ecological agriculture that can increase agricultural production and due to the fact that most of the soils of South Khorasan province are calcareous and manganese deficient, the use of this element can be Help to remove this limitation and increase plant yield.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry weight
  • Manure
  • Micronutrient
  • Yield
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 46، شماره 1
خرداد 1402
صفحه 91-103
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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