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ریزافزایی گل‌مریم (Polianthes tuberosa L.) از طریق اندام‌زایی مستقیم

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی - کشت بافت

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی و اصلاح گل وگیاه زینتی، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی‌، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

گل‌مریم (Tuberose) یکی از گل‌های بریدنی سوخ‌دار است که در مناطق گرمسیری و نیمه‌گرمسیری کشت می‌شود. ریزافزایی گل‌مریم با استفاده از کشت بافت به‌عنوان یک راهکار برای تولید گیاهچه‌های یکنواخت و عاری از بیماری مطرح است. در این پژوهش اثر غلظت‌های مختلف محیط‌کشت MS و تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد KIN و BAP بر مراحل پرآوری و ریشه‌زایی و اثر پنج بستر کشت بر سازگاری گیاهچه‌های تولید شده در سه مرحله آزمایش مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. این پژوهش در آزمایشگاه کشت بافت، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان واقع در شـهرستان باوی در سال ۱۳۹7 انـجام شد. پارامترهای تعداد و طول شاخساره، تعداد و طول ریشه و درصد زنده­مانی گیاهچه­های گل‌مریم مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش اول، بیشترین تعداد و طول شاخساره­ها در محیط­کشت MS تمام قدرت حاوی 25/0 میلی­گرم در لیتر KIN همراه با 25/0 میلی­گرم در لیترBAP  حاصل شد اما در محیط­کشت MS تمام قدرت و MS یک­چهارم قدرت حاوی 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر KIN و غلظت­های مختلف محیط‌کشت MS (تمام قدرت، نیم قدرت و یک­چهارم قدرت) بدون تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی  شاخساره­ای تشکیل نشد. در آزمایش ریشه­زایی، بیشترین تعداد و طول ریشه در محیط­کشت MS حاوی 5/0 میلی­گرم در لیتر NAA همراه با 2/0 میلی­گرم در لیتر IBA مشاهده گردید. در آزمایش سازگاری، درصد زنده­مانی گیاهچه­ها در بسترهای کشت مورد مطالعه، تفاوت معنی­داری نشان ندادند و گیاهچه­ها توانستند مراحل سازگاری در گلخانه را با موفقیت سپری کنند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Micropropagation of Polianthes tuberosa L. Through Direct Organogenesis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar 1
  • Mehri Havil 2
  • Amin Lotfi Jalal Abadi 3

1 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Molasani, Iran

2 M.Sc. Graduate of Agronomy, Department of Sciences and Horticultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Molasani, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics,Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzesta, Molasani, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Polianthes tuberosa L. is one of the most important ornamental bulbous plants in tropical and subtropical regions that is cultivating in some regions of Iran. Due to the transmission of fungal and bacterial diseases, propagation by bulbs is not affordable. Tissue culture is a good way to produce uniform and disease-free seedling. Therefore, in vitro cultivation of tuberose is a suitable solution to commercial reproduction.
 
Materials and Methods
To investigate the best method of micropropagation of Polianthes tuberosa, this study was conducted in three experiments (proliferation, root formation and adaptation). The explants used in this study were lateral buds. Ethyl alcohol (70%) and dilute laundry bleach (5.25% active chlorine), benomyl fungicide and dishwashing liquid were used to eliminate surface contamination of the explants. In the first experiment, the effect of different plant growth regulators and MS medium (MS, ½ MS, ¼ MS) on shoot formation of lateral bud was investigated. Lateral bud explants were cultured in MS medium with various plant growth regulators including KIN (0.25, 0.5, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / L), BAP (0.25 (0.5, 0.1 and 2.0 mg / l) and then the length and number of shoots were evaluated. After forming shoots in the propagation medium, they were transferred to a new environment to form roots.The root formation experiment included tree levels of  NAA concentrations, (0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/L) in combination with 0.2 mg/L IBA and control (without growth regulator). Adaptation experiment with 5 Substrate of bed including Peat Moss, Cocopeat, Sand, Peat Moss with Cocopeat (1: 1) and Sand with Cocopeat and Peat Moss (1: 1: 1) was conducted.
 
Results and Discussion
The results showed that there was a significant difference between various types of plant growth regulators (PGR) and MS culture media at different concentrations and no branch was produced without the use of PGR. In shoot prolifferation experiment, the maximum number of shoots (4.8) was obtained from lateral bud explants in MS medium with 0.25 mg / l BAP in combination with 0.25 mg / l KIN. The highest length of lateral shoot shoots (3.75 cm) was observed in MS medium with 0.25 mg / l KIN in combination with 0.25 mg / l BAP.The results of root formation experiment showed that the highest number of roots was observed in MS medium containing 0.5 mg / l NAA and 0.2 mg / l IBA and the lowest number of roots in control (without plant growth regulator). Treatment of 0.5 mg / l NAA with 0.2 mg / l IBA had the highest root length (1.22 cm). The lowest root length was also observed in the control (without plant growth regulator). In the adaptation test, no significant difference was observed between treatments in survival rate.
 
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that the shoot organogenesis is controlled by the cytokinin with MS medium in different concentrations. It should be mentioned that cytokinin had an important role in the synthesis of RNA, stimulation of the production of protein and the activity of some enzymes. Also, the results showed that the use of cytokinin alone has a beneficial effect on shoot organogenesis.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acclimatization
  • Direct organogenesis
  • Micropropagation
  • MS medium
  • Polianthes tuberosa L
  • Root formation
مراجع
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 45، شماره 2
شهریور 1401
صفحه 277-286
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