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ارزیابی سطوح مختلف آبیاری و بستر کشت بر شاخص‌های رشد گل رز شاخه بریده (Rosa hybrida cv. Samurai) در شرایط کشت بدون خاک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد ایران

3 مربی آموزشی، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران

4 دانش‌آموخته دکتری علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز ، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد ایران

چکیده

چکیده
به منظور ارزیابی سطوح مختلف آبیاری و بستر کشت بر شاخص‌های رشد گل رز شاخه بریده رقم سامورایی در شرایط کشت بدون خاک، این پژوهش به‌صورت آزمایش کرت­های خرد شده بر پایه‌ی طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1397 انجام شد. تیمارها در این پژوهش شامل چهار سطح رژیم آبی (60، 80، 100 و 120درصد نیاز آبیاری) به‌عنوان کرت اصلی و سه بستر کشت (پرلیت، پرلیت-کوکوپیت با نسبت حجمی 3:1 و پرلیت-ورمی‌کولیت با نسبت حجمی 3:1) به‌عنوان کرت فرعی بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که، گیاهان واقع در رژیم‌ آبیاری 100 درصد (شاهد) و 120 درصد به دلیل فراهم شدن میزان بهینه آب مصرفی و عناصر غذایی کافی، عملکرد بهتری از نظر طول شاخه گل، وزن‌ تر و خشک شاخه گل، قطر ساقه و قطر غنچه گل، تعداد شاخه گل برداشت شده، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و محتوای کلروفیل a نسبت به گیاهان واقع در شرایط تنش آبی دارا بودند؛ این در حالی است که تنش آبی بر صفت طول غنچه گل متاثر نشد. هم‌چنین اثر بستر کشت بر تمامی صفات اندازه‌گیری شده به استثنای طول شاخه معنی‌دار نشد. علاوه بر این بر همکنش تیمار رژیم آبی در بستر کشت بر هیچ یک از صفات اندازه‌گیری شده به جز قطر غنچه گل، اثر معنی‌داری نداشت. به‌طور‌کلی تأمین بهینه آب مصرفی منجر به بهبود صفات رویشی و فیزیولوژیکی در گیاه شد؛ بنابراین در شرایط کشت بدون خاک گل رز رقم سامورایی، تیمار 100 درصد (شاهد) و 120 درصد نیاز آبیاری به‌عنوان مناسب‌ترین سطوح رژیم آبی در شرایط اقلیمی مشهد پیشنهاد می‌شوند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Different Irrigation Levels and Media on Growth Properties of Cut Rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Samurai) under Soilless Culture Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahin Alboghobeish 1
  • Ali Tehrani far 2
  • Majid Zargarian 3
  • Ali Dolatkhahi 4

1 M.Sc. of Horticultural Sciences, Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad. Iran

2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Instructor, Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

4 Graduate of Horticultural Science, Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction
Rose is one of the most important ornamental plants that is widely cultivated in many countries. The optimal growth and development of commercial cut rose varieties is essential to supply water needed for plants. If the water level is reduced at different stages of production, it can have damaging effects on the vegetative properties of the cut rose. Therefore, accurate estimation of water requirement and adaptation of irrigation program based on water requirement of the plant and its growth conditions can improve water use efficiency, avoid stress and control production.
 
Materials and Methods
In order to evaluate different levels of irrigation requirement in combination with crop media on vegetative characteristics of rose CV. Samurai, a greenhouse experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications in greenhouse conditions of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The needed irrigation of the plant 120%, 100%, 80%, 60% and sub plot consisted of three different substrate levels (Perlite, perlite_cocopeat 1:3, perlite _Vermiculite 1:3). The traits included a stem length, branch diameter, flower bud length and diameter, fresh and dry weight of flower bud, number of flowering branches, chlorophyll a, b, relative leaf water content (RWC).
 
Results and Discussion
Results revealed that among the experimental treatments, water stress treatment had significant effect on all measured traits except flower bud length. However, culture medium treatment and interaction of media water stress did not affect all measured physiological and biochemical parameters except for branch length and flower bud diameter. The results of this experiment showed that the 120% and 100% water regimes significantly increased the measured physiological and biochemical traits (shoot length, fresh and dry weight of flower shoot, shoot diameter, number of shoots, RWC, chlorophyll a)included in this study. However, the 60% aqueous regime had adverse effects on the parameters considered while the highest amount of chlorophyll b was obtained in the 60% aqueous regime. In the present study, the results indicate that water stress has adverse effects on all vegetative characteristics of cut roses, therefore, it is suggested that the aquatic requirement of the plant be accurately estimated in order to achieve high quality roses. Also, the flower bud length traits are not significant at water stress levels, because plant roots are in close contact with water under cultivated conditions and respond to water stress by improving the electrical conductivity in the plant. Therefore, it is recommended that due to the negative effects of water stress on the quantitative and qualitative traits of rose, special attention should be paid to the problem of accurate estimation of water requirement and optimal water supply. Therefore, it is important to improve the vegetative and physiological traits of roses in non-soil conditions using appropriate cultivation for future studies in order to achieve desirable results.
 
Conclusion
Optimal water supply results in improved vegetative and physiological traits in the plant. Therefore in no-tillage conditions of rose samurai, 100% (control) and 120% irrigation requirement are recommended as the most appropriate levels of irrigation regime in Mashhad region.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • Qualitative Indicators
  • Water stress
مراجع
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 44، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 601-612
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هم رسانی
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