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تأثیر مواد بازدارنده حاصل از اختلاط چند گیاه دارویی بر روی بانک بذری علف‌های هرز تا عمق 20 سانتی‌متری خاک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آگرواکولوژی، گروه آگرواکولوژی، واحد ملکان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملکان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت‌، واحد ملکان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملکان، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
این مطالعه برای بررسی تأثیر اختلاط مقادیر مختلف بقایا (صفر، 50 ، 100 و 150 گرم در مترمربع) سه گیاه دارویی زیره سبز، مریم‌‌گلی و مرزنجوش بر پتانسیل بانک بذری علف‌های هرز منطقه ملکان  در سال 1397 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ملکان انجام شد. در کل در هر مترمربع 53915 بذر علف هرز شناسایی شد که بیشترین بذر موجود در خاک متعلق به علف هرز تاج خروس و سلمه‌تره به‌ترتیب با 33254 و 12457 عدد بذر در مترمربع از خاک بود. بذور این دو علف هرز 4/95 درصد از بانک بذری علف‌های هرز خاک را شامل بودند. در این بررسی بقایای مریم‌گلی و مرزنجوش کاهش قابل ملاحظه‌ای را در خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه‌های این علف‌های هرز را باعث شدند. بقایای زیره سبز تأثیر کمی بر صفات مورد بررسی داشت. جوانه‌زنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه‌های این علف‌های هرز تحت تأثیر بقایای گیاهان دارویی مورد بررسی تا 7/44 و 9/84 درصد کاهش نشان داد. با افزایش مقدار کاربرد بقایا، کاهش بیشتری در جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه علف‌های هرز به‌دست‌آمد. در کل بقایای این گیاهان دارویی می‌تواند بانک بذری علف‌های هرز خاک را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Permissible Inhibitors from Mixing of Several Medicinal Plants on Weed Seed Bank to a Depth of 20 cm Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • vahid Chamani 1
  • Elnaz Farajzadeh-Memari-Tabrizi 2

1 M.Sc. Graduate of Agronomy, Departement of Agronomy, Malekan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malekan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Departement of Agronomy, Malekan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malekan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Objectives
Weed seed bank in the soil is an essential source of weeds that enables them to be present in the fields. The seed bank density in a crop may reach a million seeds per square meter. Depending on the crop operation, crop rotation, and herbicide selection, the weed seed bank differs according to the location and time. Due to the economic benefits and improved crop ability, plant remains have become an attractive and acceptable way in agriculture. Allelopathic plant remnants can have a beneficial effect on weed control. The allelopathy of these plants plays a vital role in controlling the seed bank of weed soils. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of mixing different amounts of residues of three medicinal herbs on the potential of the weed seed bank in the Malekan region.
 
Materials and Methods
This study was carried out at Malakan Azad University labs in 2018. Treatments included mixing different amounts of residues (0, 50, 100, and 150 g / m2), and three medicinal plants were cumin, seaweed, and marjoram. Samples had taken from a depth of 0 to 20 cm in an ocher system (7 cm radius) to measure the soil's seed bank. Weeds were isolated, and their species were identified. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the germination strength of these seeds. This part of the experiment was carried out with three replications in a completely randomized design.
 
Results
In total, 53915 weed seeds were detected per square meter. The highest seeds in the soil belonging to weed carnivorous and lambspeed were 33254 and 12457 seed per square meter of soil, respectively. The seeds of these two weeds included 95.4% of the seed bank of soil weeds. In this study, the remnants of seaweed and marigold caused a significant decrease in germination characteristics and the growth of seedlings of these weeds. Remains of cumin have little effect on the traits studied. Seed germination and seedlings growth of these weeds decreased by 44.7% and 84.9%, respectively.
 
Discussion
By increasing the amount of application of the remains, a more significant reduction in germination and weed growth was achieved. The remnants of the two herbs had a similar effect on germination and seedling growth. Overall, this study showed that the remnants of medicinal plants could reduce the diversity and abundance of seed banks of soil weeds.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Germination
  • Medicinal plants
  • Seed bank
  • Seedling
مراجع
References
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 44، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 115-128
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هم رسانی
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