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بررسی اثرات محیط کشت، تیمار گندزدایی و هورمونی در ریز ازدیادی برخی از پایه های رویشی سیب(Mallus domestica Borkh.)‏

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی- باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی مشهد

2 کارشناس ارشد مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

توسعه پایه های رویشی به منظور افزایش عملکرد در باغهای سیب ضروری است و این امر به در دسترس بودن یک روش ساده و آسان تکثیر پایه ها بستگی دارد. در این تحقیق اثر شرایط ضد عفونی، محیط کشت و تیمارهای مختلف هورمونی روی میزان آلودگی، تعداد شاخه جانبی، طول ساقه، کالوس زایی، میزان شاخه‌زایی و تعداد برگ سه پایه رویشی M106، M111 و B9 با استفاده از آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از کلرید جیوه 1/0 % و اتانول 70% به ترتیب به مدت 3 دقیقه و 30 ثانیه کمترین آلودگی حاصل شد. علاوه بر این تفاوت معنی داری بین تیمارها و پایه ها برای صفات مورد مطالعه مشاهده شد. در این آزمایش، محیط کشت MS تغییر یافته همراه با 1/0 میلیگرم در لیتر هورمون بنزیل آدنین با بیشترین درصد رشد، استقرار موفق تری داشت. مقایسه میانگین ها نشان داد که پایه رویشی M106 از نظر کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه نسبت به سایر پایه های رویشی برتری دارد به طوری که بالاترین طول ساقه، کالوس زایی و تعداد برگ در این پایه مشاهده شد. بهترین شاخه زایی از تیمار هورمونی 1/0 میلی گرم در لیتر IBA و 2 میلی گرم در لیتر BAP حاصل شد. ن

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the effects of medium, sterilization and hormonal treatment on micropropagation of some apple (Mallus domestica Borkh.) rootstocks

نویسندگان [English]

  • N. Mohamadzadeh Moghadam 1
  • H. Hamidi 2

1 M.Sc., Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

2 M.Sc., Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Objectives
In order to increase yield in apple orchards, multiplication of rootstocks is essential, and it depends on the availability of a simple and easy proliferation method of rootstocks. The study investigated the effect of disinfection, culture condition and plant growth regulators on the rate of contamination, number of lateral branches, stem length, number of leaves, callus creation and the rate of branch creation of rootstocks MM106, MM111 and B9.
Materials and Methods
A factorial experiment was carried out as a completely randomized design with three replications. Surface sterilization of explants with different concentrations of mercuric chloride and sodium hypochlorite (mercuric chloride 0.1% for 3 minutes and ethanol 70% for 30 seconds; mercuric chloride 0.1% for 5 minutes and ethanol 70% for 30 seconds; NaOCl 0.75% for 15 minutes and ethanol 70% for 30 seconds) was done and then explants were cultivated in modified MS, WPM and DKW mediums. The evaluated characters were infection percent of explant, number of lateral branches, stem length, percentage of callus induction and number of leaves. Data were analyzed using SAS software. The analysis of variance on the test data was performed at 5% level and comparison to the middle of the Duncan test.
Results
Results showed that using a mercuric chloride (0.1%) and ethanol (70%) respectively for 3 Minutes and 30 Seconds achieved the least contamination. Results showed significant differences between plant hormone and rootstocks for traits. In this test, the modified MS medium with 0.1 mg/L BA hormones with the largest percentage growth had more successful establishment. Average comparisons showed that rootstock MM106 in terms of all traits had a significant difference with other rootstocks. The highest stem length, number of leaves and callus creation were shown in rootstock MM106. In order to investigate the effect of hormone levels on branch creation, different levels of BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) were used. The best medium was the culture containing 0.1 milligrams per liter IBA plus 2 milligrams per liter BAP.
Discussions
In general, the present results showed that genotypes respond differently to in vitro conditions. The rootstock B9 by the above method showed better response to branch creation trait than other genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Apple
  • Rootstock
  • In vitro
  • Establishment and proliferation
مراجع
References
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 40، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 41-54
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