Plant Productions

Plant Productions

Evaluating Quality Indices of Extracts in Green and Burnt Sugarcane Harvesting

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Reza Moradi 1
SeyedAtaollah Siadat 2
Abdolreza Siahpoosh 3
Abdulmahdi Bakhshandeh 4
Mohammad Reza Moradi Telavat 5
1 1- Ph.D. Student of Agronomy, Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engeneering, Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resorces University of Kuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engeneering, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resorces University of Kuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
3 3- Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engeneering, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resorces University of Kuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
4 4- Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engeneering, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resorces University of Kuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
5 5- Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engeneering, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resorces University of Kuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
10.22055/ppd.2019.25618.1595
Abstract
Abstract
 
Background and Objectives
International forces and public pressure to prevent environmental pollution have changed burnt sugarcane harvesting to green sugarcane harvesting in most important sugarcane-producing regions of the world. In the major countries that produce sugarcane, sufficient research has been done on green sugarcane harvesting. Due to climate difference between Iran and other countries, it is essential to investigate all the aspects of green cane harvesting such as the quality indices of extracts in Khuzestan, Iran.
 
Materials and Methods
To compare extract quality in burnt and green sugarcane harvesting, a test was performed in
2015-2016 at Emam Khomeini Agro industry company (latitude 31,44o N, longitude 48,44o E and 24 m asl). A spilet plot design was used. Three sugarcane varieties with different ripeness durations were considered as the main plot and five harvesting methods and ratooning including burnt harvesting, green cane harvesting without rationing, green cane harvesting with rationing, green cane harvesting with one reshape replication and green cane harvesting with two reshape replications with four replications were considered as the sub plot. Trash percent, extraction percent (Ex), total solid material solute in extract (Brix), sugar percent in extract (Pol), extract purity degree (Pty), recovery sugar percent in factory (R.S) and the yield were studied.
 
Results
Results showed the varieties had a significant difference regarding all the parameters except Ex. Maximum Ex (%41.863), and the yield (93 t/ha) belonging to Cp69-1062 varieties. Cp73-21 had the maximum Brix (%20.35) and Pol (%18.16). Methods of harvesting and ratooning caused a significant difference as to the trash percent, R.S, the yield and Brix. The mean of trash in green harvesting was 7 %but it was 4% in burnt harvesting. Maximum Brix belonged to the burnt but had no significant difference with that of the green harvesting. Pol percent in the burnt was not significantly different from the two green harvesting methods. The average yields of burnt and green harvestings were 83 t/ha and 74 t/ha respectively. Finally, green harvesting increased Pty.
 
Discussion
The results of this study show that in green cane harvesting, as compared with burnt cane harvesting, the trash is increased and the yield is decrease. Because the trash prevents the recovery sugar, we expected that quality indices in green cane harvesting to be worse than burnt cane harvesting. However, due to having fresh cane in green cane harvesting, the parameters of quality, especially the purity, were higher than those in burnt cane harvesting. In the executive phase, the difference between the green and burnt harvesting is more than this experiment because a cane field that has been burnt for harvesting is usually detained for more than 12 hours for transporting the cane to the factory, resulting in much lower quality. The benefits of green cane harvesting will better be understood now if the trash is decreased in green cane harvesting by setting and changing the harvesters.
Keywords
Ex
Pol
Pty
R.S
Trash
Subjects
Abdollahi, F. (2015). Water, plant and soil chemistry lab direction, Document No: AG-WI-0031 (3 ed.). Shushtar: Plan and Programme Unit Publication, Imam Khomeini Agro industry Company. [In Farsi]
Ahmadi, I .and Gharineh, M. H. (2019). Chemical control of cynanchum acutum in sugarcane plant fields. Plant Productions, 42(1), 103-114. [In Farsi]
Chen, J. C. and Chou, C. C. (1993). Cane sugar handbook: A manual for cane sugar manufacturers and their chemists. London, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons.
De Castro, S. G. Q., Decaro, S. T., Franco, H. C. J., Magalhães, P. S. G., Garside, A. and Mutton, M. A. (2017). Best practices of nitrogen fertilization management for sugarcane under green cane trash blanket in Brazil. Sugar Techlogy, 19(1), 51-56.‏
FAOSTAT. (2016). World agricultural data. Retrieved from http/www.apps.fao.org/faostat/.
Gomez, J., Chappell, D. and McDonald, L. (2006). Sugar losses in burnt and green cane harvesting in Argentina. Sugarcane Tech, 28, 7-11.
Gomez, J., De Castillo, G. and Ullavari, M. (2002). Effects of chopper harvesting on cane quality. Thibodaux, USA: ISSCT AG Mechanisation Workshop.
Icumsa (international commission for uniform methods in sugar analysis). (1999). Icumsa methods book and Icumsa supplement. In Whalley, H. C. S. (Ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company.
Jafarnehadi, A. (2013). Evaluation sugarcane yield causal by different sources potassium fertilizer. Crop Physiology Journal, 5(19), 61-71. [In Farsi]
Karmollachaab, A., Bakhshandeh, A., MoradiTlavat, M. R., Moradi, F. and Shomeili, M. (2015). Effect of chemical ripener’s application on yield, quality and technological ripening of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 17(1), 63-73. [In Farsi]
Khajahpour, M. (1991). Industerial crop production. Eesfahan: Eesfahan Industrial University Publications. [In Farsi]
Koochekzadeh, A., Fathi, G., Gharineh, M. H., Siadat, S. A., Jafari, S., Alami Saeid, K. U. (2013). Effect of the rate and split application of urea fertilizer on qualitative and quantitative yields of sugarcane ratoon. Plant Productions, 36(3), 119-129. [In Farsi]
Lionnet, G. R. E. (1996). Areview of Cane quality in South Africa and its effect on factory performance. The Proceedings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, 22(1), 103-113.
Meade, G. P., and Chen J. (1983). Cane sugar Handbook: A manual for cane sugar manufacturers and their chemists (9 ed.). Australia: Wiley and Sons.
Moore, P. H. and Botha, F. C. (2014). Sugarcane: Physiology, biochemistry and functional biology. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.
Moradi, R. and Makenali, N. (2014). Sugarcane production direction document No: AG-WI-0110. (6 ed.). Shushtar: Plan and programme Unit Publication, Imam Khomeini Agro industry Company. [In Farsi]
Morandini, M., Figueroa, R., Peres Zamora, F. and Scabdia Liaris, J. (2005). The effects of green cane trash blanket on soil temperature, soil moisture and sugarcane growth. The Proceedings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, 25(1), 42-56.‏
Nunez, O. and Spaans, E. (2008). Evaluation of green-cane harvesting and crop management with a trash-blanket. Suger Tech, 10(1), 29-35
Olivier, F. C. and Singels, A. (2012). The effect of crop residue layers on erapot ranspiration, growth and yield of irrigated sugarcane. African Journals OnLine, 38(1), 77-86.
Rein, P. (2007). Cane sugar engineering (2th ed.). Verlag Dr. Albert Bartens KG-Berlin, Germany.
Richard, J. P. (2003). Time-delay systems: An overview of some recent advances and open problems. Automatica, 39(10), 1667-1694.
Ridge, D. R. and Dick, R. G. (1998). The adoption of green cane harvesting and trash blanketing in Australia. Agricaltural Engineering, 23(1), 1034-1040.
Rozeff, N. H. R. and Crawford, Jr. (1979). Green cane VS. Burned cane harvest comparisons. Agricaltural Engineering, 15(1), 916-932
Siadat, A., Modhej, A. and Esfahani, M. (2014). Creal agronomy. Mashhad: Mashhad University Publications. 352 Pp. [In Farsi]
 
 © 2019 by the authors. Licensee SCU, Ahvaz, Iran. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 license) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
Plant Productions
Volume 42, Issue 3
Autumn 2019
Pages 402-415