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تاثیر کاربرد آزومیت بر کاهش خسارت ناشی از تنش شوری در گیاه جعفری مکزیکی (Tagetes minuta L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی تولید و پس از برداشت گیاهان باغی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد میوه‌کاری ، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به‏منظور مطالعه اثر مقادیر مختلف خاک معدنی آزومیت بر کاهش خسارات ناشی از تنش شوری در گیاه دارویی جعفری مکزیکی (Tagets minuta L.)، آزمایشی به‏صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی با 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل 3 سطح تنش شوری آب آبیاری (صفر، 30 و 60 میلی‏مولار کلرید سدیم) و 4 سطح آزومیت (صفر، 4، 8 و 12 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) بود. در پایان آزمایش و در مرحله گلدهی صفات بیوماس خشک اندام هوایی، محتوای نسبی آب برگ (RWC)، نشت الکترولیت، رنگیزه‏های فتوسنتزی، فعالیت آنتی‏اکسیدانی، فنل کل، کربوهیدرات محلول و محتوای پرولین اندازه‏گیری شدند. بیشترین بیوماس خشک اندام هوایی (25/30 گرم در بوته)، RWC (2/74 درصد)، کلروفیل a (mg g-1FW 5/7)، b (mg g-1FW 26/9)، کارتنوئید (mg g-1FW 73/16)، کلروفیل کل (mg g-1FW 39/33) و میزان اسانس (46/0 درصد) در تیمار بدون شوری و کاربرد آزومیت به میزان 12 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک مشاهده شد. در بالاترین سطح شوری و عدم کاربرد آزومیت نشت الکترولیت (55/83%)، فعالیت آنتی‏اکسیدانتی (27/97%)، فنل کل (mg g-1FW 10/95)، کربوهیدارت محلول (mg g-1FW 4/114) و محتوی پرولین (µM/gDW 12/0) به بیشترین میزان خود رسیدند و کاربرد آزومیت سبب کاهش این صفات شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که بیشترین خسارت وارده به گیاه در بالاترین سطح شوری (60 میلی‏مولار کلرید سدیم) مشاهده شد و کاربرد آزومیت به‏ویژه در سطح 12گرم در کیلوگرم خاک بیشترین اثر بهبوددهندگی را بر بیوماس و خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گیاه بر جای گذاشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Azomite Application on Reducing the Damage of Salinity Stress in Mexican Marigold (Tagetes minuta L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farahnaz Azizi 1
  • Mohammad Moghaddam 2
  • Sara Farsaraei 3
  • Din Mohammad Moshfegh 4

1 M.Sc. Student of Medicinal Plant, Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 PhD. Student of Production Physiology and Postharvest of Horticultural Plants, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

4 M.Sc. Student of Phomology, Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Salinity stress is one of the main factors that limited crop production. Salt stress causes physiological effects by decreasing soil water potential. Azomite is an inorganic mineral that contains more than 60 forms of nutrients (macro and microelements). This material modifies and improves the soil, and the high ionic exchange capacity of this substance has resulted in some of it being used to reduce the effects of salinity stress. Mexican Parsley (Tagetes minuta) is a medicinal plant from Asteraceae family that used in the food and cosmetic industries. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate biochemical response and dry aerial biomass of Tagetes minuta under salinity stress and Azomite application.
Materials and methods
A pot experiment was conducted at the research greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad as factorial based on completely randomized design with three levels of salinity (0, 30 and 60 mM NaCl in irrigation water) and four levels of Azomite (0, 4, 8 and 12 g/kg soil) in three replications in 2018. The studied traits were included biochemical characteristics (RWC, Electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, total chlorophyll, antioxidant activity, total phenol, soluble carbohydrates, and proline) and dry biomass. Statistical analysis was performed using Minitab 17 software. The mean comparison was done by Bonferroni test at the 5% probability level. The figure drew by Microsoft Excel software.
Results and Discussion
The results of this experiment showed that the interaction effects of salinity and Azomite had a significant effect at a probability level of 1% on all of the studied traits. The highest amount of dry biomass (30.25 g.plant), RWC (74.2 %), chlorophyll a (7.5 mg.g-1FW), chlorophyll b (9.26 mg.g-1 FW), carotenoid (16.73 mg.g-1FW), total chlorophyll (33.39 mg.g-1FW) and essential oil content (0.46 %) were observed in treatment without salinity and 12 g/kg soil of Azomite. The highest amount of Electrolyte leakage (83.55 %), antioxidant activity (9727 %), Total phenol (95.10 mg.g-1FW), soluble carbohydrates (114.4 mg.g-1FW) and proline (0.12 µM/gDW) was observed on 60mM salinity and without the use of Azomite. NaCl stress can reduce nutrient uptake by the root of the plant and cause to decrease the growth of plants (Dry aerial biomass), RWC, Chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll and increase antioxidant activity, total phenol, soluble carbohydrates, and proline. Azomite in salinity stress increase water holding and inhibited the plants from Na uptake. Therefore it prevents plants from Na toxicity. The result of this study showed that the highest salinity level (60 mM NaCl) and application of Azomite especially at 12 g/kg soil level had the highest effect on ameliorating biomass and biochemical characteristics of the plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant activity
  • Dry biomass
  • Photosynthetic pigments
  • Proline
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 44، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 247-258
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هم رسانی
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