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کاهش اثرات مضر تنش شوری در گوجه‌فرنگی (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Mobin) با استفاده از اسید آسکوربیک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد سبزیکاری، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
شوری به فرآیندهاو ساختارهایسلولی در گیاهانآسیبمی‌رساند و موجب کاهش رشد و عملکرد می‌گردد. در پژوهش حاضر کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک برون‌زا به‌عنوان یک آنتی‌اکسیدان قوی به‌منظور بهبود مقاومت به تنش شوری در گوجه‌فرنگی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در غالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه پژوهشی گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان از ابتدای زمستان تا پایان بهارسال‌های 97-1396 به اجرا درآمد. پارامترهای رشدی، عملکرد، تبادلات گازی، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، قندهای محلول و پرولین گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی تحت سطوح مختلف تنش شوری ( صفر، 25، 50 و 100 میلی‌مولار کلرید سدیم) و محلول‌پاشی با غلظت‌های مختلف اسید آسکوربیک (صفر، 5/2 و 5 میلی‌مولار) ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که شوری موجب کاهش رشد، عملکرد، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و تبادلات گازی گردید. شوری همچنین باعث افزایش میزان پرولین و قندهای محلول در برگ شد. تیمار اسید آسکوربیک در هر دو شرایط تنش شوری و بدون تنش باعث افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکرد شد. در شرایط تنش، گیاهان تیمار‌شده با اسید آسکوربیک رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی بیشتر و نرخ فتوسنتزی بالاتری نسبت به دیگر تیمارها نشان دادند. اسید آسکوربیک سبب کاهش معنی‌دار قندهای محلول در برگ شد. همچنین افزایش میزان اسید آسکوربیک موجب کاهش بیشتر و معنی‌دار پرولین در هر سطح شوری نسبت به دیگر تیمارها گردید. درکل، اثرات نامطلوب شوری بر گوجه‌فرنگی به‌وسیله کاربرد خارجی اسید آسکوربیک کاهش می‌یابد که درنتیجه کاهش اثرات مخرب تنش شوری و افزایش تبادلات گازی و رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی است. با توجه به پتانسیل اسمزی کم محلول اسید آسکوربیک و غیر سمی‌بودن، می‌توان آن‌را به‌عنوان تیماری مؤثر برای افزایش تحمل به شوری در گیاهان گوجه‌فرنگی استفاده کرد.

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موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Alleviation of the Adverse Effects of Salinity Stress in the Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Mobin) by Application of Ascorbic Acid

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahareh Hajivar 1
  • Mohammad reza Zare bavani 2

1 M.Sc. Graduate of Olericulture, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
 
Background and Objectives
Salinity stress is one of the major environmental factor limiting plant growth and productivity. The adverse influence of salinity stress is evaluated on all plant levels. Ascorbic acid is a small, water-soluble antioxidant molecule that acts as a primary substrate in the pathway for detoxification and neutralization of superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen. Ascorbic acid has been shown to play multiple roles in plant growth, such as in cell division, cell wall expansion, and other developmental processes. The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the effects of the exogenous application of ascorbic acid on the growth parameters and photosynthesis attributes of tomato plants.
 
Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely random design with three replications in greenhouse conditions. Salinity stress was applied by 0, 25, 50, 100 mM NaCl in modified Hoagland solution. Ascorbic acid treatments (0, 2.5 and 5 mM) were sprayed on the leaves every three days until the end of experiment. Leaf, stem, and root fresh and dry weight, total fresh and dry weight, yield per plant, net photosynthesis, Stomata conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, proline and total soluble sugar content were evaluated.
 
Results
In the present experiment, salinity stress sharply reduced the leaf, stem, root and total fresh and dry weight, yield per plant, net photosynthesis, stomata conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content whereas the exogenous treatment of AsA appreciably delayed the loss of all studied traits. Foliar application of ascorbic acid under both stress and non-stress conditions improved the growth parameters and photosynthesis attributes. Salinity stress also increased total soluble sugar content and proline accumulation in the leaf of the tomato plant. Application of ascorbic acid under both non-stress and salinity stress conditions decreased total soluble sugar content and proline accumulation and reduced the effects of salinity stress.
 
Discussion
This experiment showed that treating the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Mobin) with 5 mM ascorbic acid substantially influences several metabolic processes, leading to the increased growth. The protection of the plant against salinity stress by using of ascorbic acid was possibly to be caused indirectly as a result of increasing amount of chlorophyll which plays an essential role in photosynthesis process and then formation of carbohydrates. Thus, it might be concluded that exogenously applied ascorbic acid has low external osmotic potential and ion toxicity and it might be effective in amelioration of the adverse effects of salt stress.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gas exchanges
  • Growth parameters
  • Proline
  • Total soluble sugar
مراجع
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 43، شماره 3
آبان 1399
صفحه 349-362
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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