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بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی گلایسین بتائین بر برخی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی نعناع (Mentha spicata var. crantz) تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت مناطق خشک، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

3 استادیار، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری بیابان‌زدایی، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان‌، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
به منظور بررسی اثر تنش شوری و محلول‌پاشی گلایسین بتائین بر روی صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه نعناع در سال زراعی 97-1396، آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی، با سه تکرار در گلخانه پژوهشی دانشگاه یزد اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل 1- سطوح مختلف کلرید سدیم در چهار سطح شاهد،30، 60 و 90 میلی‌مولار و 2- محلول‌پاشی گلایسین بتائین در 3 سطح صفر، 100 و 200 میلی‌مولار بود. صفات ارتفاع، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، حجم، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی (کلروفیل a و  bو کل)، میزان پروتئین، پرولین و قندهای محلول مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تنش شوری اثر معنی‌داری بر روی صفات مذکور داشت، به‌طوری‌که با افزایش سطح شوری همه پارامترها به جز رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی (کلروفیل b و کل)، پرولین و قندهای محلول کاهش پیدا کرد. شوری باعث کاهش ارتفاع به میزان (47/29 درصد)، وزن تر اندام هوایی (56/49 درصد)، وزن خشک اندام هوایی (87/56 درصد)، حجم ریشه (89/47 درصد)، وزن تر و خشک ریشه (15/52 درصد)، (92/43 درصد)، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی (a) (18 درصد) و (b) (41/29 درصد)، میزان پروتئین (79/17 درصد)، پرولین (98/30 درصد) و همچنین قندهای محلول (58/3 درصد) گردید.کاربرد گلایسین بتائین به‌طوری معنی‌داری اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش شوری را بهبود بخشید، اما باعث کاهش صفات ارتفاع به میزان (16/9 درصد) و کلروفیل b به میزان (31/26 درصد) نسبت به شاهد گردید. همچنین اثرات متقابل تنش شوری و تیمار محلول‌پاشی گلایسین بر روی صفات وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، میزان پرولین، پروتئین (01/0 P <)، حجم ریشه و میزان قندهای محلول (05/0 P <) معنی‌دار گردید. بالاترین مقادیر صفات مورد بررسی در تیمار ترکیبی تنش شوری شاهد و محلول‌پاشی 200 میلی‌مولار گلایسین بتائین به‌دست‌آمد.
 

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Foliar Application of Glycine Betaine on Some Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Mint (Mentha spicata L(. under Salinity Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Joushan 1
  • Hamid Sodeizadeh 2
  • Mohammad Ali Hakimzadeh Ardakani 2
  • Rostam Yazdani Biouki 3
  • Sareh khajahhosseini 4

1 M.Sc. Student of Arid Land Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Arid Land Management and Desert Control, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran

4 Ph.D. Student of Deseartification, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
 
Background and Objectives
Spearmint is a perennial plant with creeping and underground stems, which belongs to the Labiatae family. After drought, salinity is the second most common environmental agent that restricts agricultural production. Glycine betaine is the most widely used organic solution known for its quadrature ammonium compounds and the largest and most abundant compound in response to stress. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of glycine betaine on some quantitative and qualitative properties of mint under salinity stress.
 
Materials and Methods
A factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017-18. Experimental factors included salinity stress (4 levels, control, 30, 60 and 90 mM NaCl) and glycine betaine (at 3 levels of 0, 100 and 200 mM). In the present study, some growth traits, height of plant, fresh weight and dry weight of shoot, root volume, fresh and dry weight of root, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b and total), protein, proline and soluble sugars were measured.
 
Results
The results showed that salinity stress was significant for all characteristics, so that by increasing levels of salinity all traits were reduced except chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, proline and soluble sugars. Salinity reduced plant height (29.47%), fresh weight of shoot (49.56%), dry weight of shoot (56.87%), root volume (47.89%), fresh weight of root (52.15%), dry weight of root (43.92%), photosynthetic pigments (a) (18%) and (b) (29.41%), protein content (17.79%), proline (30.98%) and soluble sugars (3.58%). Application of glycinebetaine reduced the negative effects of salinity stress, but it caused reduced height (9.16%) and chlorophyll b (26.31%) compared to control. Also, interactions between salinity stress and foliar application of glycinebetaine were significant for shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weigh, root dry weight, proline, protein (p < 0.01), root volume and soluble sugars (P<0.05). The highest values of the studied traits were obtained for the interaction between 7 mM NaCl and 200 mM glycinebetaine.
 
Discussion
Salinity stress reduces the growth of plants through osmotic stress, ion toxicity and nutritional imbalance. However, glycine betaine, as an important osmolite in plants, increases the osmotic potential and improves the water relations and increases the activity of photosynthesis and the production of hydrocarbon materials. In this way, glycine betaine can protect against the stress of salinity by increasing the mechanisms of tolerance to salinity and will provide better conditions for plant growth in a saline environment.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • Compatible solutions
  • Growth
  • Proline
مراجع
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 43، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 267-280
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