The Effect of Phosphorus and Nitrogen on Hairy Roots Production in Nicotiana tobaccum as a Model Plant

Khademi, Mitra; Nazarian-Firouzabadi, Farhad; Ismaili, Ahmad

doi:10.22055/ppd.2019.26865.1641

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Ph.D. Graduate of Plant Breeding, Departmant of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

² Professor, Departmant of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

³ Professor of Plant Biotechnology, Departmant of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2019.26865.1641

Abstract

Abstract
Background and Objectives
Hairy root culture obtained via Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation is considered an essential strategy for in planta enhancement of secondary metabolites/or recombinant protein production. High growth rates and genetic stability characterize hair roots compared to ordinary plant root systems. Low root biomass is one of the significant challenges in any hairy root establishment. To this end, the hairy root culture medium was supplemented with various nitrogen and phosphorus sources and combinations to increase the total biomass production.

Materials and Methods
Sterile leaf explants were excised from 10-day old tobacco plants and inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes to induce hairy roots formation. Inoculated leaf explants were kept in dark conditions for two days at 25±2 ˚C. Leaf explants were washed and transferred to the MS culture medium supplemented with cefotaxime at sterile conditions. The inoculated explants were kept in the tissue culture room at 25±2 ˚C until hairy roots appeared. Different ratios of nitrate to ammonium (5.1/5.1, 19/20, and 30/5.1 mM) and three potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄) as a source of phosphorus (3, 6, and 12 mM) in two types of solid and liquid culture media were used to optimize hairy roots formation and compared in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications, each containing ten explants. The fresh and dry weight of hairy root was recorded 30 days after hairy root formation.

Results
Transgenic hairy roots were confirmed by PCR analysis using the rolC gene-specific primers. No bacteria contamination was found following PCR analysis of transgenic hairy roots. Analysis of the variance of hairy roots dry and fresh weight data showed that nitrogen, phosphorus, and culture media had a significant (P<0.05) effect on hairy roots biomass production. The highest biomass accumulation (11.66 gr/FW and 0.47 gr/DW) was recorded in the media containing 30/5.1mM ratio of NO₃/NH₄ ratio and 12 mM of KH₂PO₄, respectively. The lowest dry and fresh weight were obtained when 5.1/5.1 mM of NO₃/NH₄ and 3 mM KH₂PO₄ were used.

Discussion
This study suggested that a higher NO₃/NH₄ ratio and KH₂PO₄ can lead to the highest hairy roots biomass production. Therefore, it is recommended to use a higher proportion of NO₃/NH₄to produce more in planta biomass needed for pharmaceutical and industrial products. Furthermore, it can be concluded that it is possible to optimize the hairy root production if hairy roots are used to scale up the amount of metabolite/recombinant proteins production in tobacco.

Keywords

20.1001.1.2588543.1400.44.1.2.4

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The Effect of Phosphorus and Nitrogen on Hairy Roots Production in Nicotiana tobaccum as a Model Plant

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Volume 44, Issue 1June 2021Pages 13-24

Volume 44, Issue 1
June 2021
Pages 13-24