Chemical Control of Cynanchum acutum in Sugarcane Plant Fields

Ahmadi, Iman; Gharineh, Mohammad Hossain

doi:10.22055/ppd.2019.24376.1545

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Ph.D. Student of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2019.24376.1545

Abstract

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Weeds are the most important factors in sugarcane yield loss. Successful weed control is essential for economical sugarcane production. Weeds can reduce suercane yields by competing for moisture, nutrients, and light during the growing season. Weed control is most critical early in the season prior to sugarcane canopy closure over the middle rows middles. Herbicides can be useful and economical tools in sugarcane production. Indaziflam is an alkylazine herbicide that is labeled for use in turf, for perennial crops and for nonagricultural situations for preemergent control of grasses and broad leaf weeds. The objective of this research was evaluation of the efficacy of indaziflam on control of Cynanchum acutum in sugarcane fields in Khouzestan, Iran.

Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted in 2015 growing season in a sugarcane field Shoaeibiyeh, Shoushtar, Khouzestan, Iran. The trial was randomized in complete block design with four replications. Variety and type of culture were Cp69-102 and plant, respectively. Treatments were 1-indaziflam (75 g ai ha^-1, as preemergence); 2-indaziflam (50 g ai ha^-1 as preemergence); 3- Trifloxysulfuron sodium + ametryn (1875 g ai ha^-1,as postemergence); 4-2,4-D+MCPA (1687.5 g ai ha^-1); 5-glyphosate + Ammonium sulfate 6- weeding and 7- weed infested. The herbicides were applied with backpack sprayer equipped with flooding and T-jet nozzles calibrated to deliver 300 L ha^-1. Every two weeks, dry weight and density reduction percentage of Cynanchum acutum were measured and 90 days after herbicide applying, stem length, stem weight, the middle internode diameter and length of sugarcane and also purity, pol and recoverable sugar of sugarcane were determined. Statistical calculations were accomplished through the SAS 9.2 software and graphs were drawn by the Excel software.

Results
However, indaziflam efficacy was reduced over time. Other herbicides such as indaziflam as
50 g ai ha^-1 and trifloxysulfuron sodium + ametryn indicated a good effect in Cynanchum acutum control compared with 24-D + MCPA and glyphosate + Ammonium sulfate. Single stem weight
(0.72 kg), the middle internode diameter (1.85 cm), number of internode (18. 2 cm) and cane yield
(117.90 t ha^-1) were the greatest in indaziflam (75 g ai ha^-1). The greatest brix (21.48%), invert sugar (0.533%), recoverable sugar (11.26%) and the lowest fiber content (12.61 t ha^-1) were obtained in indaziflam treat (75 g ai ha^-1).

Discussion
The present research indicatedindaziflam could control Cynanchum acutum in sugarcane field although indaziflam efficacy was reduced over time. However, there were no adverse effects of indaziflam rates on sugarcane observed; therefore, this herbicide could be used in sugarcane fields. Since highly intensive use of herbicides in fields causes to herbicide resistance, herbicides with different mechanisms of action should be registered for weed control of sugarcane. Because of low volume of indaziflam as compared to current herbicide of sugarcane, this is a good candidate for application in sugarcane fields in rotation or mixture with other recommended herbicides.

Keywords

Main Subjects

A: Weed Sciences

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Chemical Control of Cynanchum acutum in Sugarcane Plant Fields

References

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Volume 42, Issue 1April 2019Pages 103-114

Volume 42, Issue 1
April 2019
Pages 103-114