نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

به‌ منظور مطالعه ترکیب‌پذیری و هتروزیس عملکرد غده و تعدادی از صفات زراعیدر سیب‌زمینی، شش هیبرید حاصل از تلاقی سه لاین با دو تستر به همراه والدین به روش لاین ×تستر (2× 3) و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1393-1394 در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. اختلافمعنی‌داربین ژنوتیپ‌ها از لحاظ کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه امکان تجزیه‌ و تحلیل ژنتیکیبرمبنایروش لاین ×تستر میسر کرد. بر اساس نتایج ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی لا ین‌ها و تسترها،لاین L1 (Caeser) دارای ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی مثبت و معنی‌دار برای عملکرد غده، وزن و تعداد غده در بوته، تعداد ساقه اصلی و ارتفاع بوته بود. همچنین تستر T1(Luca) دارای ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی مثبت و معنی‌دار برای عملکرد غده، وزن و تعداد غده در بوته و درصد ماده خشک غده بود. بنابراین، از این لاین و تستر می‌توان به‌عنوان والدین در برنامه‌های اصلاحی بهره گرفت. هیبریدهای (T1 × L3) (Satina × Luca) و (T2× L1) (Caeser × Savalan) از نظر صفات عملکرد غده،وزن و تعداد غده در بوته دارای ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی مثبت و معنی‌دار بودند. نسبت واریانس ترکیب‌پذیریعمومیبه واریانسترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی و ضریب بیکر برایتمامصفات مورد مطالعه کمتر از یک بود که این امر حاکیاز نقش مؤثرتراثر غیرافزایشی ژن‌هادرکنترل ژنتیکی صفات مورد بررسی دارد. وراثت‌پذیری عمومی بالا و وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی نسبتاً پایین برای صفات مختلف مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان هتروزیس برای صفت عملکرد غده متعلق به هیبرید (T1× L3) (Satina × Luca) بود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Combining Ability and Heterosis for Some Agro-Morphological Traits in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Using Line × Tester Mating Design

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Moghaddaszadeh 1
  • Rasool Asghari Zakaria 2
  • Davoud Hassanpanah 3
  • Nasser Zare 4

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Crop production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
 
Background and Objectives
The nature and magnitude of gene action is an important factor in developing an effective breeding program. Combining ability analysis is useful in assessing the potential inbred lines and helps in identifying the nature of gene action involved in various quantitative characteristics. This information is helpful to plant breeders for formulating hybrid breeding programs. Therefore, the objectives of the present research were to determine combining ability, heritability and heterosis of tuber yield and some agronomic traits in potato using line × tester mating design.
 
Materials and Methods
In order to determine combining ability, heritability and heterosis of tuber yield and some agronomic traits in potato, three lines were crossed with two testers. Parents and their F1 progenies were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications using line × tester (3 × 2) mating design.
 
Results
Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits; thus line × tester analysis was performed. Among the lines, line L1 (Caeser) had significant positive GCA for
tuber yield, tuber weight per plant, tuber number per plant, main stem number and plant height. Among the testers, tester T1 (Luca) showed significant positive GCA for tuber yield, tuber
weight per plant, tuber number per plant and tuber dry matter. Among the hybrids, the hybrids (Satina × Luca) (T1 × L3) and (Caeser × Savalan) (T2 × L1) showed significant positive SCA effects for tuber yield, tuber weight per plant and tuber number per plant. The SCA variance was higher in magnitude than the GCA variance for all the characteristics and baker coefficient indicated the predominance of non-additive type of gene action for the expression of these characteristics. High general heritability and relatively low specific heritability were observed for all traits. Hybrid (Satina × Luca) had the highest heterosis for tuber yield.
 
Discussion
The importance of additive and non-additive genetic effects is well established in controlling many traits in potato. It was shown that the dominance effects of the genes played a major role in the variation of tuber yield in potato. Based on the results of the current study the SCA variance was higher in magnitude than the GCA variance for all the characteristics and baker coefficient indicated the predominance of non-additive type of gene action for the expression of these characteristics. Heterosis and combining ability is prerequisite for developing a good hybrid variety of potato. According to this research, the (Satina × Luca) cross had the highest heterosis for tuber yield and was recommended as the most promising combination for developing high yielding hybrid potato genotypes.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Combining ability
  • GCA
  • Heritability
  • Heterosis
  • Line × tester
  • Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
  • SCA
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