تولیدات گیاهی

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پرسش‌های متداول

اخبار و اعلانات

راهنمای تهیه مقاله

فرم های نشریه

پاسخ ژنوتیپ‌های جدید کلزا (Brassica napus) به قطع آبیاری انتهای فصل درآب و هوای نیمه‌خشک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استاد مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

5 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در تحقیقی که در سال زراعی 95-1394در مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذرکرج انجام شد پاسخ 17 ژنوتیپ جدید کلزا به دو نوع رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری کامل در طول فصل رشد و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خورجین‌دهی تا برداشت) بررسی شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. به منظور گزینش متحمل‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال و قطع آبیاری، شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش و کارایی مصرف آب زراعی محاسبه شد. در تیمار قطع آبیاری ژنوتیپ Lauren با داشتن صفات زراعی مناسب مانند ارتفاع بوته (cm9/158 )، تعداد خورجین در بوته (6/158)، تعداد دانه در خورجین (6/18)، وزن هزار دانه (44/3 گرم)، ماده خشک (kg/ha15471)، عملکرد دانه (kg/ha3/3854)، درصد روغن دانه (33/43) و عملکرد روغن (kg/ha 3/1668) به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر شناخته شد. این ژنوتیپ در شرایط آبیاری نرمال نیز از نظر صفات ذکر‌شده جزو ژنوتیپ‌های مناسب بود. شایان ذکر است که ژنوتیپ Alonso تحت تنش بعد از Lauren بیشترین عملکرد دانه (kg/ha 3/3776) و روغن
(kg/ha1622) را داشت. شاخص‌های STI و GMP بیشترین همبستگی را با عملکرد دانه در شرایط تنش و غیرتنش داشتند و برای گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های برتر مناسبند. بر همین اساس مقاوم‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها به تنش Lauren، Zorica، Alonso و Zlanta بودند. بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب زراعی (کیلوگرم در هکتار بر میلی‌متر) در شرایط نرمال مربوط به ژنوتیپ‌های Zorica (92/0) و Artist و Lauren (88/0) بود، در حالی‌که در شرایط قطع آبیاری بالاترین رکوردها در ژنوتیپ‌های Lauren(86/0)، Alonso(84/0) وHL3721(82/0) به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of New Genotypes of Rapeseed (Brassica napus) to Late Season Withholding Irrigation under Semi-Arid Climate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Eyni Nargeseh 1
  • Majid AghaAlikhani 2
  • Amir Hosein Shirani Rad 3
  • Ali Mokhtasi-Bidgoli 4
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modares Sanavy 5

1 Ph.D. Candidate of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

5 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
 
Background and Objectives
Water deficit stress is one of the most important environmental stresses which affect the crop production. Genetic improvement or application of drought tolerant genotypes is recommended to increase crop production under water restricted conditions. The objective of the current study is investigating the withholding irrigation effect in terminal stages of the growing season on agronomic performance of rapeseed new genotypes in a semi-arid climate.
 
Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted during 2015-2016 growing season in Karaj, Iran. Experimental factors (two water irrigation regimes and 17 rapeseed genotypes) were investigated with factorial arrangement of treatments based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. In this study, several different traits including plant height, number of siliqueper plant, number of grain per silique, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biomass, oil percentage and oil yield were measured. To determine the most tolerant genotypes, stress tolerance indices (SSI, TOL, STI and GMP) were calculated under stress (withholding irrigation from silique setting stage until the end of the growing season) and non-stress (normal irrigation) conditions. Also, agronomic water use efficiency (WUEagr) was calculated for both irrigation conditions.
 
Results
Mean comparison of the interaction between withholding irrigation and genotypes showed that the responses of genotypes were different in terms of plant height, number of siliqueper plant, number of grain per silique, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biomass, and oil yield at irrigation different treatments. Finally under withholding irrigation treatment from silique setting stage until the end of the growing season, Lauren hybrid was identified as the superior genotype due to suitable agronomic traits such as plant height (158.9 cm), number of siliqueper plant (158.6), number of grain per silique(18.6), 1000-grain weight (3.44 g), biomass (15471 kg.ha-1), grain yield (3854.3 kg.ha-1), oil percentage (43.33%) and oil yield (1668.3 kg.ha-1). Based on the stress tolerance indices among 17 rapeseed genotypes, the most tolerant genotypes were Lauren, Zorica, Alonso and Zlanta. Finally with considering to WUEagr (Kg.ha-1.mm-1), Zorica (0.92), Artist and Lauren genotypes (0.88) had the highest WUEagr under normal irrigation conditions, while Alonso (0.86), Lauren (0.84) and KL3721 (0.82) had the highest WUEagr under withholding irrigation conditions.
 
Discussion
Generally in this study, the amount of the studied traits was decreased under conditions of withholding irrigation compared to the full irrigation. Yield components such as silique number per plant, grain number per silique and 1000-grain weight could be considered as key traits affecting rapeseed grain yield under withholding irrigation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • Oil yield
  • Silique setting
  • Water deficit stress
مراجع
References
Diepenbrock, W. (2000). Yield analysis of winter oilseed rape: a review. Field Crops Research, 67(1), 35-49.
Din, J., Khan, S. U., Ali, I. and Gurmani, A. R. (2011). Physiological and agronomic response of canola varieties to drought stress. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 21(1), 78-82.
Dorostkar, S., Dadkhodaie, A. and Heidari, B. (2014). Evaluation of grain yield indices in hexaploid wheat genotypes in response to drought stress. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 61(3), 397-413.
Fernandez, G. C. J. (1992). Effective selection criteria for assessing stress tolerance. In C.G. Kuo (Ed.), Proceedings of the international symposium on adaptation of vegetables and other food crops in temperature and water stress. Tainan, Taiwan: AVRDC Publication.
Fischer, R. A. and Maurer, R. (1978). Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars: I. Grain yield responses. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 29(4), 897-912.
Geng, Y. J., Chen, L., Yang, C., Jiao, D. Y., Zhang, Y. H. and Cai, Z. Q. (2017). Dry-season deficit irrigation increases agricultural water use efficiency at the expense of yield and agronomic nutrient use efficiency of Sacha Inchi plants in a tropical humid monsoon area. Industrial Crops & Products, 109, 570-578.
Hall, A. E. (1992). Breeding for heat tolerance. In J. Janick (Ed.), Plant breeding reviews (pp. 129-168). New York: John Wileyand Sons.
Hossain, A. B. S., Sears, A. G., Cox, T. S. and Paulsen, G. M. (1990). Desiccation tolerance and its relationship to assimilate partitioning in winter wheat. Crop Science, 30(3), 622-627.
Jashni, R., Fateh, E. and Aynehband, A. (2017). Effect of thiobacillus and nitrocara biological fertilizers and foliar application of zinc and iron on some qualitative characteristic and remobilization of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Plant Production (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 40(1), 1-14. [In Farsi]
Kahrizi, D. and Allahvarand, T. (2012). Estimation and Interrelationships of Genetic Variability Parameters of Some Morpho-phenological Traits in Spring Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Asian Journal of Biological Sciences, 5(7), 358-364.
Kalantar Ahmadi, S. A. and Fathi, GH. (2014). Determination of Stopping Irrigation Time for Canola Genotypes in North Khouzestan Conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 45(3), 355-365. [In Farsi]
Kamrani, M., Hoseini, Y. and Ebadollahi, A. (2017). Evaluation for heat stress tolerance in durum wheat genotypes using stress tolerance indices. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 64(1), 1-8.
Kramer, P. J. and Boyer, J. S. (1995). Water relations of plants and soils. San Diego: Academic Press.
Mostafavi rad, M., Jadidi, E. and Babaie, T. (2014). Effect of micronutrient elements on seed yield, qualitative traits and oil in winter rapeseed varieties. Agricultural Crop Management, 16(3), 627-639. [In Farsi]
Murat, T. and Ciftci, V. (2007). Relationships between yield and some yield components in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39(1), 81-84.
Naeemi, M., Akbari, GH. A., Shirani Rad, A. H., Modares Sanavi, S. A. M. and Saadat Noori, S. A. (2010). Evaluation of drought stress effect at terminal growth stage on quantitative and qualitative yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. Journal of Crops Improvement, 12(2), 63-71. [In Farsi]
Nemoto, H., Suga, R., Ishihara, M. and Okutsu, Y. (1998). Deep rooted rice varieties detected through the observation of root characteristics using the trench method. Breeding Science, 48(3), 321-324.
Nezami Ranjbar, H., Shirani Rad, A. H., Madani, H. and Kkalarastaghi, K. (2006). The effect of deficit irrigation at silique formation and grain filling on yield and yield components of winter rapeseed cultivar in Karaj. New Finding in Agriculture, 1(1), 33-44. [In Farsi]
Rao, G. and Mendham, N. J. (1991). Comparison of chinoli (B. compestris) and B. napus oilseed rape using different growth regulators, plant population densities and irrigation treatments. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 117(2), 177-187.
Rashidi, F., Majidi, M. M. and Pirboveiry, M. 2017. Response of different species of Brassica to water deficit. International Journal of Plant Production, 11(1), 1-16.
Rezaie zadeh, A., Mohamadi, V., Zali, A., Zeynali, H. and Mardi, M. (2012). Study of important agronomic traits and their relationships under normal and drought stress conditions in doubled haploid lines of oilseed rape. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 42(4), 683-694. [In Farsi]
Sadeghinejad, A. A., Modarres Sanavi, S. A. M., Tabatabaei, S. A. and Modares Vameghi, S. M. (2014). Effect of water deficit stress at various growth stages on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of five rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. Water and Soil Science, 24(2), 53-64. [In Farsi]
Sana, M., Ali, A., Asghar Malik, M., Farrukh Saleem, M. and Rafiq, M. (2003). Comparative yieldpotential and oil contents of different canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Agronomy, 2(1), 1-7.
Shirani Rad, A. H., Abbasian, A. and Aminpanah, H. (2013). Evaluation of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars for resistance against water deficit stress. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19(2), 266-273.
Sinaki, J., Majidi Heravan, M. E., Shirani Rad, A. H., Noormohammadi, Gh. and Zarei, Gh. (2007). The effects of water deficit during growth stages of canola (Brassica napus L.). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 2(4), 417-422.
Stoker, R. and Carter, K. E. (1984). Effect of irrigation and nitrogen on yield and quality of oilseed rape. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 12(3), 219-224.
Tayo, T. O. and Morgan, D. G. (1979). Factor influencing flower and pod development in oilseed rape. Journal of Agricultural Science, 92(2), 363-373.
Tofang-Saz-Poor, R., Roshanfekr, H., Meskarbashee, M. and Bromand-Nasab, S. (2015). Effect of irrigation deficit and cultivation method on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of potato cultivars. Journal of Plant Production (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 38(2), 1-12. [In Farsi]
Zirgoli, M. H. and Kahrizi, D. (2015). Effects of end-season drought stress on yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in warm regions of Kermanshah Province. Biharean Biologist, 9(2), 133-140.
تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 41، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 55-68
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار