نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی، پژوهشکده گل و گیاهان زینتی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، محلات، ایران

چکیده

گلایول متعلق به تیره زنبق از مهم‌ترین گل‌های شاخه بریده و پیازی جهان است. این پژوهش با هدف تولید هیبریدهای جدید گلایول از طریق دورگ‌گیری در بین ارقام آمستردام، وایت پراس پرتی، ادونس رد و رزسوپریم انجام شد. این تحقیق در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در پژوهشکده گل و گیاهان زینتی در سال 95-94 انجام شد. ارزیابی صفات تعداد روز تا جوانه‌زنی بذر، طول برگ، عرض برگ، قطر طوقه، تعداد برگ، وزن کورمچه، قطر کورمچه و تعداد کورمچه انجام شد تجزیه‌های آماری شامل محاسبه آماره‌های توصیفی، ضرایب همبستگی ساده، تجزیه واریانس، مقایسات میانگین با استفاده از آزمون چند دامنه‌ای دانکن،واریانس ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی، برآورد وراثت‌پذیری و ضریب تنوع بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس صفات بین نتاج (هیبریدها) نشان داد که اختلاف نتاج مورد نظر برای تمام صفات مورد مطالعه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار(p≤0.01) بود، که بیانگر وجود تنوع گسترده برای همه صفات در نتاج مشاهده می‌شود. نتاج NIOP9 در صفات طول برگ، عرض برگ، قطر طوقه، تعداد برگ، تعداد روز تا جوانه‌زنی وزن کورمچه و قطر کورمچه نسبت به سایر نتاج دارای برتری بودند، همچنین نتاج NIOP4 با تولید 49/2 کورمچه در بذر دارای برتری بود. ضرایب همبستگی صفات بین نتاج‌های مختلف نشان می‌دهد که بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار مربوط به تعداد برگ با قطر طوقه (93/0+=r) و کمترین میزان همبستگی هم بین تعداد روز تا جوانه‌زنی با تعداد کورمچه (17/0=r) بود. بیشترین ضریب تنوع فنوتیپی در صفت تعداد کورمچه به میزان 17/57 و کمترین در صفت تعداد روز تا جوانه‌زنی بذر به میزان 15/11 درصد به‌دست آمد. بیشترین  قابلیت توارث عمومی صفات تعداد کورمچه و قطر کورمچه به‌ترتیب برابر با 46/98 و 46/95 درصد و کمترین آن برای صفت قطر طوقه به میزان 90/12 درصد برآورد شد.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Progeny Test of Crosses among Different Cultivars of Gladiolus

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Hossein Azimi

Assistant Professor, Ornamental Plants Research Center (OPRC), Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahallat, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
 
Background and Objectives
Gladiolus grandiflora Hort. belongs to Iridaceae family and it is one of the most important cut flower and bulb in the world. Fragrance, long vase life and color variation make it different in floriculture. Breeding and introduction of new cultivars with innovation in ornamental are important. The aim of this research was of introducing new hybrids of gladiolus through hybridization. Four cultivars in Amsterdam, White prosperity, Advance red and Rose supreme were chosen for hybridization.
 
Materials and Methods
Progenies were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The Research was conducted in Ornamental Plants Reserch Center (OPRC) in Mahallat from 2015 to 2016. Quantitative traits included leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, number of leaf, days to germination, weight and diameter of cormelet. Finally, statistical parameters such as coefficients of correlation, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variability, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were estimated.
 
Results
Analysis of variance among progeny (hybrids) showed that the progeny has significant differences (p≤0.01) in all traits and a wide variation in progenies was observed for all traits. NIOP9 progeny in leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, number of leaf, days to germination, weight and diameter of cormelet was superior progenies compared to other cormelet. Lilcewise, progeny NIOP4 with 2.49 per seed was superior to cormelet. Correlation coefficients among the different progenies revealed that the most positive and significant correlation was between the number of leaves and crown diameter (r= +0.93) and the lowest level (r= -0.17) of correlation was found between the number of days to germination and number of cormelet. The highest coefficient of phenotypic variation of 57.17% was obtained for the number of cormelet and the lowest of 11.15% for the number of days to germination. The highest heritability in traits was estimated as 98.46 and 96.46% for the number of cormelet and cormelet diameter, respectively and the lowest as 12.90% for the crown diameter.
 
Discussion
All traits showed significant differences in progeny. These results indicate that the major traits in the phenotypic and genetic diversity coefficient were very low, indicating that they had less environmental effects, since the progeny was cultivated under similar and controlled conditions (greenhouse).
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diversity
  • Heritability
  • Hybrid
  • Hybridization
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