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بررسی تأثیر پایه‌های مالینگ و مالینگ مرتون و فاصله کاشت بر صفات کمی و کیفی سیب رقم رد دلیشیز در منطقه مشگین شهر

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

به منظور تعیین مناسب‌ترین پایه رویشی پاکوتاه سیب رقم “رد دلیشیز” و نیز فاصله کاشت بهینه در شرایط آب و هوایی منطقه مشگین‌شهر، این تحقیق در قالب آزمایش اسپلیت‌پلات با طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در مدت دو سال اجرا گردید. دو فاصله کاشت 2×4 متر و 3×4 متر به عنوان کرت اصلی و سه پایه MM106، M9و M26 به عنوان کرت فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. تجزیه واریانس داده‌های صفات نشان داد بین سال‌ها از لحاظ صفات عملکرد و تراکم گل، بین فاصله‌های کاشت از لحاظ صفات عملکرد، اندازه میوه، تراکم گل و مواد جامد محلول، بین پایه‌ها از لحاظ صفات عملکرد، اندازه میوه، تراکم گل و ماده خشک، بین اثرمتقابل فاصله کاشت × پایه و اثرمتقابل سال × فاصله کاشت × پایه از لحاظ صفت عملکرد اختلاف معنی‌دار در سطح احتمال 5 و 1 درصد مشاهده گردید. سیب رقم “رد دلیشیز” بر روی پایه M9 در فاصله کاشت 2×4 متر با 367/9 تن در هکتار دارای بیشترین مقدار عملکرد بود و در گروه a قرار گرفت. بررسی میانگین اثر پایه بر روی میوه نشان داد که سیب “رد دلیشیز” روی M9 بزرگ‌ترین میوه را تولید نمود و بیشترین تراکم را داشت. اندازه میوه، تراکم گل یک درخت و درصد مواد جامد محلول در فاصله کاشت 3×4 متر بزرگ‌تر از فاصله کاشت 2×4 متر بود. در این پژوهش در تیمارهای مورد بررسی بیماری آتشک سیب مشاهده نگردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation effects of Malling and Malling Merton rootstocks and planting distances on the quality and quantity characteristics apple cultivar red delicious in Meshginshahr region

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. karbalaei Khiavi 1
  • A. pirayesh 2

1 Assistant Professor, Plant Protection Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran

2 M.Sc. of Horticulture Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to determine the most suitable dwarf rootstock for apple cultivar 'Red Delicious' and optimal planting distances under climatic conditions of Meshginshahr region, this research was conducted as a split plot with randomized complete block design in three replications during two years. The two planting distances of 2 × 4 and 3 × 4 meter were as the main plot and three rootstocks MM106, M9 and M26 were as sub-plots were included in the test. Analysis of variances showed significant differences between years in terms of yield and flowers density; between the planting distances in terms of yield, fruit size and soluble solids concentration and flowers density; between rootstocks in terms of yield, fruit size, flower density and dry matter; and significant differences in yields between interactions of the planting distances × rootstocks, year × planting distances × rootstocks at 5% and 1% possibility levels. Apple CV. 'Red Delicious' grafted on M9 rootstock in planting distances of 2 × 4 meter with 9.367 tons per hectare had the highest yield and was placed in group. Analysis of average effect of rootstock in fruit production showed that 'Red Delicious' on M9 rootstocks produced the biggest fruit and had the highest density. Fruit size, flower density on tree and soluble solids concentration in the planting at a distance of 3 × 4 m were greater than that in 2 × 4 meter. In this study, apple fire blight disease was not observed in the treatments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fruit size
  • Maling
  • Maling Merton
  • Planting distance
  • Rootstocks
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 40، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 89-98
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هم رسانی
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