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تأثیر زوال بذر بر صفات فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی بذر کتان روغنی (Linum usitatssimum L.) رقم نورمن

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح ‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ‌ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه زراعت و اصلاح ‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

زوال یک پدیده طبیعی است که در همه بذرها رخ می‌دهد و منجر به کاهش تدریجی توان زیستی بذر در طی انبارداری می‌گردد. سرعت زوال به وضعیت فیزیولوژیکی و ساختار ژنتیکی بذرها و شرایط انبارداری بستگی دارد. به‌منظور بررسی اثر زوال بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت در کتان روغنی (رقم نورمن)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار در سال 1394 در آزمایشگاه بذر دانشگاه یاسوج انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل نگهداری بذور در بسته‌های آلومینیومی دربسته به مدت 6 ماه در 4 سطح دمایی 15، 25، 35 و 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت 5، 9، 13 و 17 درصد بود. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش دما و رطوبت بذر، کلیه صفات فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی به جز هدایت الکتریکی، کاهش یافتند. کاهش جوانه‌زنی با کاهش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت کاتالاز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز همراه بود که بیانگر کاهش کارایی سیستم آنتی‌اکسیدانتی در حفاظت بذرها در مقابل گونه‌های فعال اکسیژن می‌باشد و باعث افزایش پراکسیداسیون چربی‌ها، تخریب غشاهای سلولی و نشت الکترولیت‌ها از بذر شده است که همبستگی قوی و منفی بین نشت الکترولیت‌ها و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت نشانگر این مسئله است. هم‌چنین بذور کتان با محتوای روغن و پروتئین محلول بالا درصد جوانه‌زنی بیشتری داشتند اما زوال‌پذیری بیشتری نیز نشان دادند و باید به شرایط محیط انبارداری آن‌ها بسیار دقت نمود. به‌طور‌کلی، نتایج به‌دست آمده از پژوهش حاضر بیانگر این است که بهترین شرایط نگهداری بذر کتان دمای 15 درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت 5 درصد می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Seed Deterioration on Physiological and Biochemical Traits of Oil Flax (Linum usitatissimum L. Norman var.) Seed

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Balouchi 1
  • R. Ostadian Bidgoly 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

2 M.Sc. Student of Seed Science and Technology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Seed deterioration is a natural phenomenon that occurs in all seeds and leads to gradual decline of seed viability during storage. However, the rate of seeds age depends upon their physiological status, genetic constitution and storage conditions. The lipid peroxidation through the production of free radical plays an important role in the loss of seed viability during seed storage.
Material and Methods
In order to investigate the effect of deterioration on germination indices and enzymes activity of the flax oil seed, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a Completely Randomized Design with four replications in the seed laboratory of Yasouj University in 2015. The factors included 4 levels of temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45oC) and moisture content (5, 9, 13 and 17%). With relation intended seed moisture, Hampton and Teckrony (1995) was calculated. After determining the moisture content of the seeds in envelopes of aluminum foil was placed, then the amount of water the need added and to ensure that the packaging and moisture exchange with the outside world for 24 hours at 15 °C were identical to the seed moisture and then for 6 months in storage conditions at temperatures of 15, 25, 35 and 45oC were kept.
Results
Analysis of variance showed that the single effects including temperature and seed moisture content experimental treatments for traits including germination percentage, germination rate, seedling vigor index (weight), activity enzymes antioxidant catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase, soluble proteins, electrical conductivity and oil percentage were significant (P≤0.01). Also, the interaction temperature and seed moisture content of all treatments except for enzyme, activity of  superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase were significant (P≤0.01) but were significant (P≤0.05) for the activity of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase. The results showed that with increasing temperature and moisture content, all the physiological and biochemical traits, except for electrical conductivity, decreased. The decrease in germination was also associated with a decrease in the activity of antioxidant catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase and as a result the antioxidant system was not sufficient to protect seeds against free radical damage. With the increase in reactive oxygen species, lipids peroxidation increased, probably due to the destruction of cell membranes, increased electrical conductivity seed the negative correlation between the electrical conductivity and the activity of the enzymes antioxidant indicator of the issue.
Discussions
Thus, oil flax seed deterioration was closely related to decrease in the activities of free radical detoxifying enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation. In general, the best flax seed storage condition is at 15°C and 5 percent moisture content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Germination
  • Deterioration
  • Electrical conductivity
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 40، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 37-52
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هم رسانی
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