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تأثیر اتیلن و 1-‌متیل‌سیکلوپروپن بر عمر انبارمانی میوه انار رقم ’ملس یوسف‌خانی‘

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد امور آموزشی و پژوهشی، گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

انار به‌عنوان یک میوه نافرازگرا طبقه‌بندی شده است و بنابراین غیرحساس به اتیلن محسوب می‌گردد. منتهی در برخی از میوه‌های نافرازگزا اتیلن منجر به تسریع فرایند پیری می‌گردد. در این پژوهش به‌منظور مشخص نمودن حساسیت میوه انار به اتیلن تأثیر تیمارهای اتیلن و 1-متیل‌سیکلوپروپن روی ماندگاری میوه انار در طی انبار سرد، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی، بررسی گردید. برای این منظور میوه انار رقم ’ملس یوسف‌خانی‘ با تیمارهای شاهد، اتیلن دو میکرولیتر بر لیتر به مدت 48 ساعت، 1-متیل‌سیکلوپروپن یک و دو میکرولیتربر لیتر به مدت 24 ساعت و تلفیق تیمارهای اتیلن و 1-متیل‌سیکلوپروپن تیمار و در دمای چهار درجه سانتی‌گراد انبارو در زمان‌های یک، دو و سه ماه پس از انبارداری بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که میوه‌های تیمار شده با اتیلن دارای کاهش وزن بیشتر و درجه بازارپسندی میوه و آریل، نشت یونی، مقدار فنل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی کمتری در مقایسه با میوه‌های تیمار شده با 1-متیل‌سیکلوپروپن حتی در حضور اتیلن (تیمار تلفیقی) بودند. میوه‌های تیمار شده با اتیلن دارای شاخص بازارپسندی میوه و آریل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی کمتری در مقایسه با شاهد نیز بودند. از این رو می‌توان نتیجه گرفت انار میوه‌ای حساس به اتیلن بوده و پیری آن با حضور اتیلن تسریع می‌شود. منتهی در بیشتر شاخص‌های مورد بررسی نمونه‌های شاهد دارای کیفیت کمتری در مقایسه با نمونه‌های تیمار شده با 1-متیل‌سیکلوپروپن بودند، بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد حساسیت میوه انار به اتیلن بالا بوده و همان مقدار اندک اتیلن درونی موجب تسریع پیری آن می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Ethylene and 1-MCP on Storability of Pomegranate Fruit cv. ‘Malase Yosef Khani’

نویسندگان [English]

  • O. Khademi 1
  • S.M. Hosseini Molla 2
  • D. Talei 3
  • E. Sepahvand 4

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

2 Graduated M.Sc. of Horticulture, Department of Horticulture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Medicinal Herbs Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

4 M.Sc. Department of Horticultural Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Pomegranate is classified as a non-climacteric fruit, so it is considered as insensitive to ethylene. However, in some other non-climacteric fruit it has been shown that ethylene accelerates senescence or increase chilling injury symptoms during postharvest life. In this study, to determine the sensitiveness of pomegranate fruit to ethylene, the effects of ethylene and 1-MCP (as an ethylene inhibitor material) treatments were investigated on the pomegranate storability.
Material and Methods
Pomegranate fruit cv. ‘Malase Yousef Khani’ was harvested at the ripening stage (full aril coloring) from an orchard near Saveh city, and treated following treatments; 2 μL/L ethylene for 48 hours, 1 μL/L 1-MCP for 24 hours, and 2 μL/L 1-MCP for 24 hours as well as a combination of 2 μL/L 1-MCP and μL/L ethylene treatments. Fruit without any treatment was put as control. The treatments were applied inside the polyethylene container. Then the treated fruits were stored at 4°C and 90% RH for up to 3 month. The fruits were removed from storage in 1, 2 and 3 months of storage and after 3 days keeping at room temperature as shelf life was analyzed. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with 3 replications at Shahed University in 2016.
Results
Results showed that ethylene treated fruits, as compared to 1-MCP treated fruit (even in presence of ethylene in combination treatment) had less fruit and aril marketability, as well as less firmness, ion leakage, total phenol content and antioxidant capacity, whilst this fruit had more weight loss than 1-MCP treated fruits. Ethylene treated fruit had also less fruit and aril marketability, and less antioxidant capacity than control fruit. The control fruit had less fruit and aril marketability, ion leakage, total phenol content and antioxidant capacity than 1-MCP fruits.
Discussions
According to these results, pomegranate fruit was sensitive to ethylene and its postharvest loss, such as chilling injury symptoms, electro leakage, and antioxidants reduction was accelerated by presence of ethylene around the fruit. On the other hand, since in the most measured characteristics, control fruit had a lower quality than 1-MCP treated fruit, it seems that pomegranate is very sensitive to ethylene and even low level of internal ethylene is enough to accelerate the postharvest loss of this fruit. Therefore, removal of ethylene from the pomegranate storage, or using the anti ethylene materials such as 1-MCP can be effective in increasing posthrevst life of pomegranate fruit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Non-climacteric
  • Marketability
  • Chilling
  • Antioxidant
  • Weight loss
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 40، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 25-36
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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