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بررسی اثر کاربرد مواد آلی بر رویش بذر و برخی خصوصیات رویشی و کیفی گیاه شاهی (Lepidium sativum)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناس ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر بستر کشت بر خصوصیات رویشی و عناصر غذایی گیاه شاهی، مواد آلی مختلف شامل کود دامی پوسیده، کمپوست مصرفی قارچ و سبوس برنج در ترکیب‌های دوگانه، سه‌گانه و چهارگانه با خاک باغچه
در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در 3 تکرار بررسی شد. خاک باغچه نیز به‌عنوان تیمار شاهد استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین درصد رویش، فسفر، روی و آهن گیاه (100، 1/5، 0/06 و 0/25 درصد) در خاک باغچه + سبوس برنج + کمپوست مصرفی قارچ حاصل شد. بیشترین طول برگ، عرض برگ، ارتفاع گیاه و منیزیم (5/99، 3/11، 10/97 سانتی‌متر و 407/80 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) در خاک باغچه + کمپوست مصرفی قارچ مشاهده شد. کمترین طول برگ، ارتفاع گیاه، آهن و بیشترین کلسیم (2/81، 5/62 سانتی‌متر، 0/09 درصد و 48/67 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) در خاک باغچه + کود دامی + سبوس برنج و کمترین عرض برگ، درصد رویش، فسفر و بیشترین
منگنز (1/55 سانتی‌متر، 61/32، 0/5 و 0/009 درصد) در خاک باغچه + کود دامی مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان مس و کمترین میزان کلسیم و منگنز (56/60، 17/25 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و 0/003 درصد) در خاک باغچه + کود دامی + کمپوست مصرفی قارچ حاصل شد. کمترین میزان مس و روی (14/30 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و 0/005درصد) نیز در خاک باغچه + کود دامی + سبوس برنج + کمپوست مصرفی قارچ مشاهده شد. کمپوست مصرفی قارچ بر افزایش خصوصیات رویشی و برخی عناصر غذایی و هم‌چنین کود دامی بر افزایش میزان منگنز، کلسیم و مس در گیاه شاهی تأثیرگذار بود. بنابراین تیمارهای خاک باغچه + سبوس برنج + کمپوست مصرفی قارچ و خاک باغچه + کمپوست مصرفی قارچ بیشترین تأثیر را در اکثر خصوصیات مورد بررسی نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Different Organic Matter on the Seed Emergence and Some Vegetative and Qualitative Traits of Lepidium sativum

نویسندگان [English]

  • Davood Naderi 1
  • E. Kazemi Jazanabadi 2
  • B. Bahari 3
  • L. Mohamadbaghery 4

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran

2 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Horticultural, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran

3 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran

4 Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticultural, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Garden cress is believed to have very useful nutritive impacts on human and the quantity of minerals, protein, necessary amino and fat acids. Application of organic and mineral materials in culture media plays an effective role in increasing yield and effective materials of the plants. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of agricultural by product and wastages such as spent mushroom compost, Rotten manure and rice bran was evaluated in different ratios with soil on seed emergence and vegetative and qualitative properties of Garden cress.
Materials and Methods
In order to study the effect of different culture media on the seed emergence and vegetative and qualitative properties of Garden cress (Lepidium sativum), various media including field soil, rice bran, Rotten manure and spent mushroom compost (SMC) were used in eight different compound and ratios. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications.
Results
The results showed that the highest length and width of leaves and plant height was observed in the treatments of field soil alone, 1.3 field soil + 1.3 rice bran + 1.3 spent mushroom compost, 1.2 field soil + 1.2 spent mushroom compost, and the lowest amount was related to the treatment of 1.3 field soil + 1.3 Rotten manure + 1.3 rice bran. Also, the highest and the lowest percentages of seed emergence were observed in the treatment of 1.3 field soil + 1.3 rice bran + 1.3 spent mushroom compost, and 1.2 field soil + 1.2 Rotten manure, respectively. The highest of Cu and the lowest of Ca and Mn were obtained in 1.3 field soil + 1.3 Rotten manure + 1.3 spent mushroom compost. The lowest of Cu and Zn were observed in field soil + Rotten manure + rice bran + spent mushroom compost.
Discussions
The results indicated that the different culture media had various effects on the nutrients content. According to the results of this experiment, using spent mushroom compost in soil for different purposes will cause short and long term changes in soil properties. The existing high levels of organic matter and nutrients can have positive effects on the physical and chemical properties of soil and cultivated plants and can replace many conventional beds.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Garden soil
  • Rice bran
  • Rotten manure
  • Spent mushroom compost
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تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 40، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 97-110
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