نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج

3 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر نیترات پتاسیم و اسید فنیل فتالامیک بر رشد رویشی و زایشی توت‌فرنگی رقم گاویوتا پژوهشی به‌صورت آزمون فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. محلول‌پاشی نیترات پتاسیم (صفر، 1، 2 و 5 گرم در لیتر) بر روی برگ‌ها و اسید فنیل فتالامیک (صفر، 500 ، 1000 و 1500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) بر روی گل‌آذین انجام شد و صفاتی همچون تعداد گل‌آذین و میوه، عملکرد بوته، وزن تر و خشک میوه، مواد جامد محلول کل (TSS)، اسیدیته قابل تیتراسیون (TA) و نیز مقدار نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و کلسیم قابل جذب برگ و میوه اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد 5 گرم در لیتر نیترات پتاسیم یا 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسید فنیل فتالامیک بیشترین تأثیر را بر روی وزن تر و خشک میوه دارد. هم‌چنین با استفاده از نیترات پتاسیم به غلظت 2 گرم در لیتر تأثیر معنی‌داری برتعداد گل‌آذین و میزان فسفر برگ و میوه مشاهده شد. بالاترین تعداد میوه (26 میوه در هر بوته) با 2 گرم در لیتر نیترات پتاسیم و بیشترین عملکرد هر بوته (541/2 گرم) و TSS آب میوه (8/3) نیز با 2 گرم در لیتر نیترات پتاسیم + 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسید فنیل فتالامیک به‌دست ‌آمد. به‌طور‌کلی استفاده از نیترات پتاسیم و اسید فنیل فتالامیک به‌ترتیب در غلظت‌های 2 گرم در لیتر و 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سبب افزایش عملکرد و صفات کمی و کیفی توت‌فرنگی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Potassium Nitrate and Phenyl Phthalamic Acid on Some of Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Strawberry ‘Gaviota’

نویسندگان [English]

  • S M 1
  • M H 2
  • M S 3
  • S A 2

1

2

3

چکیده [English]

Background and objectives
Proper plant nutrition is very important for high productivity and fruit quality. Strawberry has more need for potassium because this element is a major component of the fruit. Size, colour, and acidity of the fruit have a positive relation with potassium amount. Also, the phenyl phthalamic acid is a regulator that increases the working life of stigma and supports the better pollination, which results in a higher yield. This study was performed to increase the quantity and quality of strawberry fruits.
Materials and Methods
To study the effect of potassium nitrate and phenyl phthalamic acid on vegetative and reproductive growth of strawberry cv. Gaviota, a research was conducted as factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Potassium nitrate (0, 1, 2 and 5 g.l-1) and phenyl phthalamic acid (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg.l-1) were sprayed on leaves and flowers, respectively. The parameters such as inflorescense and fruit number, yield per plant, fresh and dry weight of fruit, TSS, TA and N, P, K and Ca content of leaf and fruit were measured.
Results
The results showed that the use of 5 g.l-1 of potassium nitrate or 500 mg.l-1 phenyl phthalamic acid had the greatest effect on the fresh and dry weight of fruit. Also, potassium nitrate in concentration of 2 g.l-1 has a significant effect on the number of inflorescences and phosphorus of leaves and fruits. The highest number of fruits (26 fruits per plant) with 2 g.l-1 potassium nitrate and the highest yield per plant (541.2 g) and TSS juice (8.3) with 2 g.l-1 potassium nitrate + 500 mg.l-1 phenyl phthalamic acid were obtained.
Discussion
The phenyl phthalamic acid could increase fruit setting, which resulted in a yield increase too, especially when it was applied with potassium nitrate. In general, the use of potassium nitrate and phenyl phthalamic acid in concentration of 2 g.l-1 and 500 mg.l-1, respectively, resulted in increase of yield and qualitative and quantitative traits of strawberry.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Strawberry
  • Potassium nitrate
  • Phenyl phthalamic acid
  • Yield
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