نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

در اصلاح نباتات کلاسیک به‌نژادگران ارقام برگرداننده‌کننده باروری را از طریق تست کراس ارقام موجود با لاین‌های نر عقیم سیتوپلاسمی (CMS) و ارزیابی نتاج F1 از نظر باروری دانه گرده و خوشه مورد شناسائی قرار می‌دهند. لاین‌هایی که نتاج آن‌ها باروری خوشه و دانه گرده بیش از 80 درصد را نشان دهند به‌عنوان لاین‌های برگرداننده در نظر گرفته می‌شوند. در این مطالعه 15 رقم برنج در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری کشت و از انتخاب به کمک نشانگرهای مولکولی (MAS) برای تشخیص دو ژن برگرداننده باروری بر روی کروموزم‌های 1 و 10 در برنج استفاده گردید. نتایج ارزیابی‌های مولکولی با استفاده از نشانگرهای ریزماهواره RM171، RM258 و RM3148 همبسته با ژن‌های برگرداننده باروری نشان داد که ارقام برنج به نام‌های ‌هاشمی و دیلمانی دارای هر دو ژن برگرداننده باروری در ژنوم خود هستند. در حالی‌که ارقام برنج به نام‌های شیرودی، تابش، فجر و شفق به‌عنوان ارقام نگهدارنده شناسائی شدند. از این ارقام می‌توان در پیشبرد برنامه‌های اصلاحی برنج هیبرید در کشور استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of Restoring Fertility and Maintainer Rice Varieties Using SSR Marker

نویسنده [English]

  • GH. Kiani

Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
In classical plant breeding, restorers are identified by the cross test, of existing varieties with cytoplasmic male sterilty (CMS) lines and evaluating F1 progenies in terms of fertility of pollen and spikelete. Lines showing more than 80 percent fertility of pollen and spikelete are considered as restorer lines. This study aimed at applying marker assisted selection (MAS) using linked SSR markers to restoring fertility (Rf) genes for identification of restorer and maintainer lines in hybrid seed production in rice. 
Materials and Methods
In this study, 15 rice varieties wer planted at the research farm of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources and marker assisted selection (MAS) was used for identification of two Rf genes located on chromosomes 1 and 10 of rice using SSR markers RM171, RM258 and RM3148. The PCR reaction was performed at 94 °C for 5 min; then for 35 cycles of 94 °C for 1 min; 55°C for 1 min; 72 °C for 2 min followed by 72 °C for 5 min. PCR products were resolved by electrophoresis in agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide and then photographed.
Results
Results of molecular analyses using microsatellite markers RM171, RM258 and RM3148 linked with Rf genes showed that rice varieties namely Hashemi and Deylamani had both Rf genes in their genomes and were considered as putative restorers and were suggested to be test crossed with male sterile lines to assess their F1 generations. Rice varieties namely Shiroudi, Tabesh, Fajr and Shafagh were identified as maintainers. Thus backcross breeding method is suitable for transferring sterile cytoplasm to them for development of new CMS lines.
Discussions
Identifying restorer lines by means of molecular marker technology is more cost effective and reliable than phenotypic assays especially in hybrid rice production. Restorer and maintainer lines identified in this study could be used for promotion of hybrid rice technology in the country.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • rice
  • Restorer varieties
  • Maintainer varieties
  • SSR marker
References
Ahmadikhah, A., Karlov, G.I. Nematzadeh, Gh., and Ghasemi Bezdi, K. (2007). Inheritance of the fertility restoration and genotyping of rice lines at the restoring fertility (Rf) loci using molecular markers. International Journal of Plant Production, 1: 13-21.
Bagheri, N. and Babaeian-Jelodar, N. (2011). Genetics and combining ability of fertility restoration of 'wild abortive' cytoplasmic male sterility in rice. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10: 9314-9321.
Bazrkar, L., Ali, A.J., Babaeian, N.A., Ebadi, A.A., Allahgholipour, M., Kazemitabar, K., Nematzadeh, G. (2008). Tagging of four fertility restorer loci for wild abortive-cytoplasmic male sterility system in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using microsatellite markers. Euphytica, 164(3): 669-677.
Dellaporta, R.P., Wood, J., and Hicks, J.B. (1983). A plant DNA mini-preparation: Version II. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 1: 19-21.
Ichikawa, N., Kishimoto, N., Inagaki, A., Nakamura, A., Koshino, Y., Yokozeki, Y., Oka, M., Samoto, S., Akagi, H., Higo, K., Shinjyo, C., Fujimura, T., and Shimada, H. (1997). A rapid PCR-aided selection of a rice line containing the Rf-1 gene which is involved in restoration of the cytoplasmic male sterility. Molecular Breeding, 3: 195-202.
Jing, R., Li, X., Yi, P., and Zhu, Y. (2001). Mapping fertility restoring genes of rice WA cytoplasmic male sterility using SSLP markers. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 42: 167-171.
Komori, T., Yamamoto, T., Takemori, N., Kashihara, M., Matsushima, H., and Nitta N. (2003). Fine genetic mapping of the nuclear gene, Rf1, that restores the BT-type cytoplasmic male sterility in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by PCR-based markers. Euphytica, 129: 241-247.
Lin, S.C. and Yuan, L.P. (1980). Hybrid rice breeding in China. In: Innovative approaches to rice breeding. Pp. 35-51. IRRI, Philippines.
Nematzadeh, G.A. and Kiani, G. (2012). Tagging of fertility-restoring genes in Iranian restorer rice promising line DN-33-18. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 94: 95-103. [In Farsi]
Nematzadeh, G.A. and Sattari, M. (2003). A study of nucleus genome of some high yielding rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties for application in hybrid rice technology. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 34(1): 213-219. [In Farsi]
Sattari, M., Kathiresan, A., Gregorio, G.B., and Virmani, S.S. (2008). Comparative genetic analysis and molecular mapping of fertility restoration genes for WA, Dissi, and Gambiaca cytoplasmic male sterility systems in rice. Euphytica, 160: 305-315.
Schnable, P.S. and Wise, R.P. (1998). The molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration. Trends in Plant Science, 3(5): 175-180.
Virmani S.S. and Wan, B.H. (1988). Development of CMS lines in hybrid rice breeding. In: Hybrid rice. International Rice Research Institute. P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines. pp: 103-114.
Wang, X., Tan, X., Shao, G., Ma, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, C., and Shang, W. (2012). Marker-assisted selection of Japonica restorers used for Yinshui CMS system. Rice Genome Genetics, 3: 19-24.
Yao, F.Y., Xu, C.G., Yu, S.B., Li, J.X., Gao, Y.J., Li, X.H., and Zhang, Q.F. (1997). Mapping and genetic analysis of two fertility restorer loci in the wild-abortive cytoplasmic male sterility system of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Euphytica, 98: 183-187.
Yuan, L.P. (1998). Hybrid rice breeding in China. In: Virmani S.S., Siddiq E.A., Muralidharan K (eds), Advances in hybrid rice technology. Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on hybrid rice, 14-16 November 1996, Hyderabad, India. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines, pp: 27-33.
Zhang, Q.Y., Liu, Y.G., Zhang, G.Q., and Mei, M.T. (2002). Molecular mapping of the fertility restorer gene Rf4 for WA cytoplasmic male sterility in rice. Acta Genetica Sinica, 29: 1001-1004.