نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
چکیده
به منظور بررسی تاثیر گیاهان کود سبز بر جمعیت علف‌های هرز و حاصلخیزی خاک، درسال زراعی ٩٣-١٣٩٢ آزمایشی درمزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز درقالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. گیاهان کود سبز با 5 سطح شامل ارزن، جو، ماش، مخلوط (ارزن+ ماش) و آیش (عدم کشت گیاه کود سبز) بود. در این آزمایش تیمار مخلوط (ارزن+ ماش) با تولید 2168 کیلوگرم در هکتار زیست توده‌ی بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمار‌ها تولید کرد. کم‌ترین زیست توده تولید شده مربوط به کود سبز جو (4/387 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار‌های مخلوط، ماش، ارزن وجو به ترتیب با 43، 38، 36 و 15درصد وزن خشک علف‌های هرز را نسبت به شاهد کاهش دادند. تیمار‌های گیاهان کود سبز مورد آزمایش، تراکم علف‌های هرز را نسبت به شاهد به ترتیب 57، 35،33 و 6 درصد کاهش دادند. بیشترین درصد ماده‌ی آلی در تیمار کود سبز مخلوط (ارزن + ماش) به میزان 41/1 درصد حاصل شد. با توجه به توانایی لگوم‌ها در تثبیت بیولوژیکی نیتروژن، بیشترین میزان نیتروژن انتقال یافته از تیمار کود سبز ماش به میزان 082/0 درصد حاصل شد. تیمار‌های کود سبز ماش، مخلوط و ارزن از نظر میزان پتاسیم انتقال یافته به خاک تفاوت معنی‌داری نشان ندادند. بیشترین میزان پتاسیم در تیمار مخلوط ماش و ارزن (168 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) مشاهده شد. همچنین از نظر میزان فسفر بین تیمار‌های کود سبز ماش و مخلوط تفاوتی مشاهده نشد و بیشترین میزان آن در تیمار کود سبز ماش (3/12 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) حاصل شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparison of different green manure biomass The effects of different green manure on soil fertilization and weed density reduction
نویسندگان [English]
- kh d 1
- e f 2
- A A 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]
Abstract:
In order to study the effect of different green manure crops on soil fertilization and weed population a field experiment was conducted in experimental farm of Agricultural Faculty of ShahidChamran University of Ahvaz at 2013-2014 growing season. Experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments include different greenmanure crops including Millet, Barley, mungbean, intercropping of millet and mung bean and fallow (without green manure application). The millet mungbean intercropping treatment had the highest (2168 kg/ha) and barley green manure (387.4 kg/ha) had the lowest biomass production. The results showed that the Intercropping, Mungbean, Millet and Barley reduced weed biomass compared to control by 43,38,36 and 15% respectively. Also, the mentioned treatments decreased weed density by 57,35,33 and 6% respectively. The highest soil organic matter (1.41%) was obtained at intercropping of Millet and Mungbean treatment. In order to nitrogen fixation by legums, the Mungbean green manure had highest soil nitrogen percent(0.082%).The highest potassium content(168 mg/kg) was obtained at intercropping of Millet and Mungbean treatment but there was no significant difference between mungbean, millet and intercropping. Also, the highest phosphorus content (12.3 mg/kg) was related to mungbeangreenmanure treatment but there was no significant difference with intercropping treatment.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Green manure
- Biomass
- Weed and Organic matter
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