تولیدات گیاهی

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پرسش‌های متداول

اخبار و اعلانات

راهنمای تهیه مقاله

فرم های نشریه

تأثیر کودهای زیستی تیوباسیلوس و نیتروکارا و محلول‌پاشی عناصر روی و آهن بر برخی صفات کیفی و انتقال مجدد مواد در کلزا

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد کودهای زیستی و محلول‌پاشی عناصر روی و آهن بر برخی خصوصیات کیفی و انتقال مجدد کلزا پژوهشی در سال زراعی 1392-1391در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز انجام گرفت. طرح آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در 3 تکرار بود. فاکتورها شامل شش سطح کودهای ریزمغذی شاهد، سولفات روی (2 و 4 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر یا 2 و 4 در هزار)، کلات آهن (2 و 4 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر یا 2 و 4 در هزار) و مصرف توأم سولفات روی و کلات آهن (2 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر یا 2 در هزار) و کودهای زیستی در سه سطح شاهد، تلقیح تیوباسیلوس همراه گوگرد بنتونیت‌دار و تلقیح کودزیستی نیتروکارا به‌علاوه تیوباسیلوس همراه گوگرد بنتونیت‌دار بود. نتایج حکایت از نقش مؤثر کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و میکرو در افزایش محتوای عناصر کم‌‌مصرف در دانه و کاهش وابستگی گیاه به انتقال مجدد مواد بود. با توجه به اثر متقابل کودهای زیستی و عناصر ریزمغذی، بیشترین عملکرد تک بوته 10/62 گرم در متر‌مربع‌ و کمترین کارایی انتقال مجدد 13/85 درصد با مصرف تیوباسیلوس همراه نیتروکارا و مصرف توأم روی و آهن 2 در هزار و بیشترین محتوای روغن (48/47 درصد) از تیمار تیوباسیلوس همراه مصرف توأم روی و آهن 2 در هزار حاصل شد. در حالی‌که کمترین درصد روغن (31 درصد) از تیمار شاهد به‌دست آمد. طبق نتایج کلی این پژوهش تلقیح بذورکلزا با کودهای زیستی و محلول‌پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی که با کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژنه همراه است می‌تواند در بهبود خصوصیات کمی ‌و کیفی ارقام روغنی کلزا مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Thiobacillus and Nitrocara Biological Fertilizers and Foliar Application of Zinc and Iron on Some Qualitative Characteristic and Remobilization of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Jashni 1
  • E. Fateh 2
  • Amir Aynehband 3

1 M.Sc. Student of Agroecology, Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Oil crops could be considered as a valuable resource for providing the plant oil for cooking. Canola is one of the main oil crops the third oil crop after soybean and oil palm. The macro and micro nutrients have an important role in plant nutrition. The biological fertilizer could be effective in sustaining agriculture program. Material remobilization is an important process in transporting the nutrition from leaf and stem to grains. The nitrogen fertilizer increases wheat grain yield, Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, grain protein, zinc and iron. Application of nitrogen fertilizer improves the canola biological yield and stem dry weight at flowering stage. The main goal of this research was the comparison of the micro and macronutrients and biological fertilizer on some qualitative characteristics and remobilization of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
Material and Methods
In order to evaluate the effect of biological fertilizers and micronutrients on some qualititive traits and remobilization of rapeseed (Brassica napus (L.) var. Hyola 401), an experiment was conducted in the Research Station of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran in 2012-13. The experimental design was factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The treatments were microelements in six levels (control, zinc sulfate (2 and 4
cc.lit-1), iron chelate (2 and 4 cc.lit-1) and combined zinc and iron fertilizers (2 cc.lit-1)) and the second factor was application of biofertilizers in 3 levels (seed inoculation with Thiobacillus with Sulfur Bentonite, Nitrocara + Thiobacillus Sulfur Bentonite and control). The canola (cv. Hyola401) was seeded on 13 Nov. 2013 and harvested on 21 Apr. 2014. Each plot size was 7.2 m2 consisting of 5 rows of canola plants. Foliar application of zinc sulphate and iron was done at 2 %4 /1000 concentration in stem elongation and flowering stages.
Results
Due to the interaction of biological fertilizer and micronutrient elements, the highest plant individual yield (10/62 g/m2) and the lowest remobilization efficiency(13.85%) were achieved from Nitrocara + Thiobacillus bacteria with combined zinc and iron (2cc.lit-1). The highest oil percent (48.47%) was also revealed at Thiobacillus bacteria with combined zinc and iron (2cc.lit-1), While the lowest oil percent (31%) was obtained at control treatment.
Discussions
Finally, the results of this study revealed that the canola seeds inoculated with bio-fertilizers and with foliar application of micro-nutrients reduced consumption of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen fertilizers can be useful in improving the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of oil varieties of canola. Also, the highest individual plant yield was obtained by application of Thiobacillus + Nitrocara and Zinc + iron application. The results suggested that the microelements not onlt increased the grain zinc and iron content (36-41%), but also improved economical yield and grain oil contents.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Protein
  • Sustain photosynthesis
  • Inoculate
  • Oil
  • Micronutrient elements
  • Sulfur
مراجع
References
Arif, M., Ali, S., Khan, A., Jan, T., and Akbar, M. (2006). Influence of farm yard manure application on various wheat cultivars. Sarhad Journal Agriculture, 22: 27-29.
Ashoori, M. (2002). Canola cultivation as second crop. Afraz Press. 134 P. [In Persian]
Besharati, H., Khawazi, K., and Salehrastin, N. (2003). Investigation of ability of some material as a inoculum production of Thiobacillus and the study of the effects of
Thiobacillus with sulfur on increasing of nutrients uptake and corn growth. Soil and Water Science Journal, 12(11): 1-10. [In Persian]
Blooi, F. (2008). Effect of mycorrhiza and thiobacillus on soybean quantitative and
qualitative traits. Dissertation of the master of the science, Department of Agronomy, Azad Islamic University, Karaj, Iran.
Dawood, F., Al-Omaqri, S.M., and Murtatha, N. (1985). High level of sulfur affecting availability of some micronutrients in calcareous soil. Proceeding of Secondary Regional Conference on sulfur and its usage in Arab countries. pp: 55-68.
Deluca, T.H., Skogley, E.O., and Engle, R.E. (1989). Band-application elemental sulfur to enhance the phytoavailability of phosphorus in alkaline calcareous soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 7(4): 346-350.
Dordas, C.A., Lithourgidis A.S., Matis A.S., and Bartayiannis N. (2008). Application of liquid cattle manureand inorganic fertilizes affect dry matter nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in maize. Nutrient Cycling Agroecosys, 80: 283-266.
Ebrahimian, E. and Bybordi, A. (2013). Effect of iron foliar fertilization on growth seed and oil yield of sunflower grown under different irrigation regimes. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research (MEJSR), 9(5): 621-627.
Elyas, Sh., Eradatmandeasli, D., and Rouhi, A. (2011). Drought stress before and after anthesis dry matter remobilization of wheat. Agronomy and Plant breeding Journal, 6(1): 17-28. [In Persian]
Ghaderi, A. and Kamkar, B. (2009). Seed science and technology. Mashhad Jahad Daneshgahi Press. 512 P. [In Persian]
Ghorbani nasrabadi, R., Salehrastin, N., and Alikhani, H. (2001). Investigation of microbial sulfur fertilizer on nitrogen fixation and growth analysis of soybean. Soil and Water Science Journal, 16(2): 169-178. [In Persian]
Glick, B.R., Penrose, D., and Wenbo, M. (2001). Bacterial promotion of plant growth. Biotechnology Advances, 19: 135-138.
Grewal, H.S. and Graham, R. (1999). Residual effect of subsoil zinc and oilseed rape genotype on the grain yield and distribution of zinc in wheat. Plant and Soil, 207: 29-36.
Groos, R.J. and Johanson, B.E. (2004). Seed treatment, seeding rate, and cultivar effect on iron deficiency chlorosis of soybean. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 24: 1255-1268.
Jalilian, S., Asgharzadeh, R., and Farshadfar, M. (2007). Effect of microbial
inoculation and drought stress on contents of sunflower fatty acids. 10th Agronomy and plant Breeding National Congress, Iran, Karaj.
Khajehpoor, M. (2009). The principle of Agronomy. Sanaati Isfahan University: Jahad Daneshgahi Press. 218 P.
Khavazi, K., Nougholipour, F., and Malakouti M.J. (2001). Effect of Thiobacillus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on increasing P availability from rock phosphate for corn. International Meeting on Direcct Application of Rock Phosphate and Related Tecnology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Kobata, A. (1992). Structures and functions of the sugar chains of glycoproteins. European Journal of Biochemistry, 209: 483-501.
Leng Suo, H., San, S., and Mei, Z.B. (1997). Regulation of N nutrition to biomass oilseed rape in ripening stage. Journal of Agricultural Research, 40: 105-156.
Mahmoodi, H., Khosrawi, H., and Asgharzadeh, A. (2001). Effect of azotobacter biological fertilizer on wheat yield. Proceeding of 8th Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Guilan Unicersity. [In Persian]
Malhi, S.S. and Leach, D. (2000). Restore canola yield by correcting sulphure deficiency in the growing season. Xth International Colloqium the Optimazation of Plant Nutrition. April 8-13, Cario Sheraton, Cario-Egypt.
Malakooti, M.J. (2008). Sustainable agriculture and yield increasing with optimization of fertilizer application in Iran. Amoozesh keshawarzi Press, Karaj, Iran. [In Persian]
Morshedi, A. (2000). Effect of zinc and iron foliar application on yield, quality and enrichment of canola seeds at Bardsir of Kerman. Soil and Water Journal, 12: 56-68. [In Persian]
Motalebifar, R. and Besharati, H. (2008). Effect of different rate of sulfur in Thiobacillus and Residue effect of it on chemical properties of soil and canola yield. Proceeding of 10th Congress of Soil Science. [In Persian]
Nasri, M. and Khalatbari, M. (2008). Investigation the effect of micronutrient foliar
application rate on qualitative and quantitative of canola cultivars at varamin conditions. Iranian Agriculture Science Journal, 5(2): 52-66. [In Persian]
Nasri, M., Khalatbari, M., Zahedi, H., Paknejad, F., and Tohidi Moghadam, H.R. (2003). Evaluation of micro and macro elements in drought stress condition in cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 3(3): 579-583.
Sabzewari, S., Khazaii, R.H., and Kafi, M. (2010). Effect of humic acid on root and shoot of two wheat cultivars (Sayoonz and Sabalan). Soil and Water Journal, 23(2): 87-94. [In Persian]
Tate, R.L. (1995). The sulfur and related biogeochemical cycle. In soil microbiology, John Willey and Sonsinc, New York. pp: 359-372.
Thiruppathi, M.K., Thanunathan, K., Prakashand, M., and Imayavaramban, V. )2001(. Use of biofertilizer, phytohormone and zinc as a cost effective agro technique for increasing sesame productivity. Sesame and Safflower Newsletter, 16: 46-50.
تولیدات گیاهی
دوره 40، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 1-14
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار