نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی بلوچستان، ایرانشهر

چکیده

درخت کُنار یکی از قدیمی‌ترین درختان میوه بومی هند است که در مناطق گرمسیری، نیمه گرمسیری و خشک می روید. کشت ارقام مرغوب و تجاری کُنار در بسیاری از کشورها رایج است. برخی از این ارقام تجاری که منشاء هندی و پاکستانی دارند از سال‌های خیلی پیش در جنوب بلوچستان کشت کار می‌شوند. با وجود این، اطلاعات بسیار کمی در خصوص سازگاری و ویژگی‌های میوه آن‌ها در دسترس بود. بنابراین، انجام پژوهش حاضر ضرورت داشت. در مرحله اول این پژوهش (1385 تا 1390)، رشد رویشی شش رقم کُنار برتر موجود در منطقه بلوچستان در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار و سه درخت در هر تکرار در چابهار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این ارقام شامل بهزادی، فرزادی، حنیفی، سوپی، سیبی سفید و سیبی سیاه بودند. نتایج نشان داد که همه این ارقام از رشد رویشی خوبی در منطقه برخوردارند و از نظر شاخص‌های رشد رویشی بین ارقام مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده گردید. بیشترین رشد طولی شاخه اصلی در یک فصل رویشی از محل پیوند (200 سانتی‌متر)، قطر تنه در پایین محل پیوند (8/38 میلی‌متر) و در بالای محل پیوند (1/38 میلی‌متر) در رقم حنیفی ثبت گردید. اگر چه درختان هنوز به سن باردهی اقتصادی نرسیده بودند اما از نظر برخی صفات میوه شامل وزن، طول، قطر و شکل میوه، وزن هسته و درصد گوشت میوه تفاوت خیلی معنی‌داری بین ارقام مشاهده گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Vegetaitive Growth of Six Superior Ber Cultivars in Baluchestan

نویسنده [English]

  • EBRAHIM SABOKI

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Ber (Ziziphus spp.) is one of the most ancient fruits indigenous to India and grows in tropical, subtropical and dry areas of the world. Growing of commercial cultivars of ber is common in many countries. Some of such cultivars originated in India and Pakistan, have been cultivated in the south part of Baluchestan region since several years ago. However, there is very little information about adaptability and fruit quantitative and qualitative characteristics of these cultivars. Thus, conducting the present research was deemed necessary. The objectives of this research were to evaluate vegetaitive growth and fruit properties of six superior Ber cultivars in Baluchestan.
Materials and methods
In the first phase of the research (2006-2011), vegetative growth of six superior ber cultivars existing in Baluchestan were studied in a complete randomized block design, with four replications and three plants per replication at Tropical Fruits Research Station in Chabahar district. The cultivars were Behzadi, Farzadi, Hanifi, Soopi, Sibi Seyah and Sibi Sefid. One season after budding, vegetative growth, length of main branch, trunk diameter at lower part and upper part of budding were measured. Fruit morphological chractristics including fruit weight, length, diameter, fruit shape, seed weight and fruit pulp were evaluated at the harvest time. Statistical analysis was performed with MSTAT-C software and the means were compared using Duncan's Multiple Range Test. 
Results
The results showed that all these cultivars have good vegetative growth in this region and significant differences in vegetative growth indexes were observed between different cultivars.  Maximum longitudinal growth of main branch during the growth season (200 cm), diameters of main branch at the lower part (38.8 mm) and at the upper part of budding position (38.1 mm) were observed on Hanifi ber cultivars. Although plants still did not reach economic bearing age, there was a significant difference among cultivars in some fruit characteristics including fruit weight, length, diameter and shape, stone weight and fruit pulp percentage.
Discussion
Based on the obtained results from the present study can be concluded that, all sex ber cultivars had good adaptibility in the Chabahar climate. Most fruit morphological chractristics of different ber cultivars in the current research, were in the range accomplished by previous studies. However, final recommendations will be achieved after the plants reach to the economic bearing age.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Baluchestan
  • Vegetative growth
  • Fruit characteristics
  • Ber
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