نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تاکستان
2 استاد گروه خاکشناسی دانشگاه زنجان
چکیده
به منظور بررسی اثر خشک کردن قسمتی از منطقه ریشه و هرس سبز برعملکرد و کیفیت انگور بیدانه سفید، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات با طرح پایهی بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در منطقهتاکستان اجرا شد. تاکها 20 ساله و فاصله کشت آنها 4×2 متر بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه سطح آبیاری (آبیاری از دو طرف،آبیاری ازجنوب"قسمت خشک"، آبیاری از شمال"قسمت تر") و سه سطح شدت هرس سبز (هرس سنگین، هرس متوسط و هرس سبک) بودند که پس از اعمال آنها میزان عملکرد و صفات کمی و کیفی انگور اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده ها و مقایسه میانگین ها بر اساس آزمون دانکن نشان داد که اثر تیمارPRD بر روی میزان pHو TSS آب میوه در سطح 5% معنیدار بود ولی عملکرد تاک، میزان کشمش تولیدی و سایر شاخص های کمی تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفت. بین سطوح مختلف شدت هرس سبز از نظر عملکرد بوته، وزن شاخههای هرس شده، وزن و قطر حبه، وزن و طول خوشه، وزن کشمش تولیدی تفاوت معنیداری وجود داشت. اثر متقابل شدت هرس در PRD بر وزن و قطر حبه، طول و وزن خوشه، عملکرد تاک و کشمش تولیدی در سطح 1% معنیدار بود، به این ترتیب که تیمار آبیاری از دو طرف (شاهد) با هرس متوسط و تیمار آبیاری از طرف شمال با هرس متوسط و تیمار آبیاری از طرف جنوب همراه با هرس سبک نسبت به سایر تیمارها بیشترین عملکرد را داشتند.ولی طول شاخه های اصلی و فرعی در روش آبیاری PRD نسبت به تیمار شاهد به ترتیب 8% و30% کاهش یافت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effects of partial root zone drying (PRD) and green pruning on yield and quality of Thompson seedless grape
نویسندگان [English]
- A. Taherkhani 1
- A. Golchin 2
1 M.Sc., Department of Horticulture Science, Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Partial root zone drying (PRD) is a new irrigation technique which improves water use efficiency without significant yield reduction. To study the effects of partial root zone drying and green pruning on yield and fruit quality of Thompson seedless grape a split plotted experiment with randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. The experiment was performed in Takestan, Gazvin province, on 20-year old grapevines with row spacing of 2×4 m .The treatments were irrigation and pruning at three levels. During the growing season, half of the root system was maintained in a dry state, while the rest was irrigated (PRD). The irrigation levels were: full irrigation (irrigating both sides of root zone), drying left side of root zone (irrigating from north direction) and drying right side of root zone (irrigating from south direction). Pruning levels includeding light, medium and heavy green pruning. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of data showed that the effects of irrigation were significant on pH and TSS of grape juice at 5% level. While there were no significant differences between irrigation treatments with respect to grapevine yield. Water requirement of grapevine can be reduced to half without significant yield reduction. The effects of pruning were also significant on grapevine yield, berry weight and diameter, cluster weight and length and Raisin production. The interactive effects of pruning and PRD were significant on weight and diameter of berry, weight and length of cluster and raisin production. Full irrigation with medium pruning, irrigation from north with medium pruning and irrigation from south with light pruning had higher grape yield than the other treatments. PRD reduced growth of main and lateral shoots by 8% and 30% respectively compared with full irrigation.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Partial root zone drying
- Green pruning
- Thompson seedless grape
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