Effects of harvest time and packing method on fruit quality and Cold-Storage duration of "Gorban Maragheh" apricot cultivar
M.
Zarrinbal
Instructor of Seed and Plant Research Institute, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of East Azerbaijan, Tabriz
author
A.
Dabbagh Mohammadinasab
Associate Professor, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
author
R.
Rasouli Pirouzian
Former M.Sc. Student of Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Medical University of Tabriz
author
text
article
2013
per
Apricot because of its high respiration rate and rapid ripening process has short storage life and so should be marketed immediately after harvest. Harvesting of apricot in suitable time and packing it increase storage period. This study was carried out to determine the optimum harvest time and packing method of apricot fruits to prolong their storage life and decrease their waste. Split- factorial based on complete randomized block design was used for one traditional apricot cultivar as "Gorban maragheh" in three harvesting stages (as the main factor) based on fruit skin color. The first harvest was conducted when skin color had a predominantly green background with yellowish tinges; the second and third harvest times coincided with yellow background with greenish tinges and yellow-orange background color of fruits. Fruits were packed in two methods (as sub-factor), boxes with and without polyethylene covers. Fruits were stored at 0-2 degree centigrade and 85% RH For 0 (control), 7, 14, 21 and 28 days (as sub-factor). Fruit properties including fruit weight, firmness, total soluble solid, pH and electrical conductivity were measured and results were analyzed. Findings showed that the optimum harvest time of this cultivar was when the fruit skin color had a predominantly yellow background with greenish tinges. This was synchronous with 82 days after full bloom equal to 1176 growth degree days or 28224 growth degree hours for "Gorban maragheh" cultivar. Use of polyethylene packaging prolonged storage life. In these conditions, fruits could be cold-stored with suitable quality until 28 days. Apricot fruit's storage life was reduced significantly by delays in their picking time. Accordingly, increase of fruit's cold storage period, fruit firmness reduced but total soluble solid, pH and electrical conductivity of fruit extract rose remarkably.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
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2013
1
11
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10063_d835f76a1bbb01acaf590505ca9979cd.pdf
The evaluation of water deficit effect on grain yield and physiological characteristics of three canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars
S.M.
Hoseini
Previous MSc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
author
P.
Hassibi
Assistant professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
author
B.
Andarzian
Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Ahvaz
author
text
article
2013
per
To investigate water deficit stress influence on stem elongation, flowering stage and some physiological characters of three canola (Brassica napus) cultivars including total dry matter, grain yield, total soluble sugars and starch, proline and osmotic potential this study was carried out in the green house of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2008-2009 growing season. The experiment was factorial based on complete randomized design arrangement in three replications. The first factor comprised cultivars (including Hyola 308, Hyola 401 and RGS003) and the second factor was water deficit stress including water deficit in the early stem elongation to early-flowering stage (D1), early-flowering stage to early sac appearance (D2), early stem elongation to early sac appearance (D3) and normal irrigation conditions (D4). The results showed that the lowest and the highest reduction in shoot dry matter and grain yield was measured in Hyola 401 and Hyola308, respectively. The lowest shoot dry matter was in Hyola 308 (from the early stem elongation to early sac emergence stages) (22 grams per plant) and the highest shoot dry matter was in Hyola 401 (74 grams per plant) in normal conditions. In the stress conditions, shoot dry matter in all cultivars decreased. The amount of reduction during the flowering stage was more than early stem elongation stage showing more sensitivity of flowering stage to the stem elongation stage in water deficit stress. The interaction of water stress and variety showed significant differences in total soluble sugar, starch, proline, osmotic potential (P≤ 0.01), shoots dry matter and grain yield (P≤ 0.05). Furthermore, in the stress conditions participation in osmotic regulation process and reduction of negative effects of water deficit stress increased the amount of the total soluble sugars and proline of leaves. The lowest leaf osmotic potential (-2.23 Mpa) and the highest osmotic potential (-1.65 Mpa) were determined in Hyola 401, and Hyola 308 for D3 and D4 respectively. Decrease (become more negative) of osmotic potential because of more tolerance of Hyola 401 to water deficit stress was also assessed. According to the results of this study, Hyola 401, RGS003 and Hyola 308 were assessed for tolerance, semi tolerance and susceptibility to water deficit stress respectively.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
13
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https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10064_353a5ac4d1a390fd1298d24fd988a46e.pdf
The effects of partial root zone drying (PRD) and green pruning on yield and quality of Thompson seedless grape
A.
Taherkhani
M.Sc., Department of Horticulture Science, Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch, Iran
author
A.
Golchin
Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Partial root zone drying (PRD) is a new irrigation technique which improves water use efficiency without significant yield reduction. To study the effects of partial root zone drying and green pruning on yield and fruit quality of Thompson seedless grape a split plotted experiment with randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. The experiment was performed in Takestan, Gazvin province, on 20-year old grapevines with row spacing of 2×4 m .The treatments were irrigation and pruning at three levels. During the growing season, half of the root system was maintained in a dry state, while the rest was irrigated (PRD). The irrigation levels were: full irrigation (irrigating both sides of root zone), drying left side of root zone (irrigating from north direction) and drying right side of root zone (irrigating from south direction). Pruning levels includeding light, medium and heavy green pruning. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of data showed that the effects of irrigation were significant on pH and TSS of grape juice at 5% level. While there were no significant differences between irrigation treatments with respect to grapevine yield. Water requirement of grapevine can be reduced to half without significant yield reduction. The effects of pruning were also significant on grapevine yield, berry weight and diameter, cluster weight and length and Raisin production. The interactive effects of pruning and PRD were significant on weight and diameter of berry, weight and length of cluster and raisin production. Full irrigation with medium pruning, irrigation from north with medium pruning and irrigation from south with light pruning had higher grape yield than the other treatments. PRD reduced growth of main and lateral shoots by 8% and 30% respectively compared with full irrigation.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
25
38
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10065_1bfc2131f872656224cfad3f1b77d2dd.pdf
Determination of critical period of weed control in corn (Zea mays L.) in Ahvaz region
A.
Gerami
M.Sc. Student of Agronomy of Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz
author
S.A.
Siadat
Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resourses University,
author
A.M.
Bakhshandeh
Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resourses University,
author
Ghodratallah
Fathi
Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resourses University
author
K.
Alami Saeid
Assistant Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resourses University
author
text
article
2013
per
In order to determine the critical period of weed control in grain corn (Zea mays L.), a field study was conducted at the Ramin University ofAhvaz Research Field in 2009. The experiment was designed according to randomized complete block design. Treatments consisted of two different periods of weed interference, a weed-free period and a weed removal period, imposed at V2, V5, V8, V11, Tassel, and harvest (based on phonological stages of corn development). The relationships between grain yield and different weedy or weed-free periods were determined via regression analyses. Cyperus sp., Echinochloa crus-galli, Convolvulus arvensis and malva sp. were naturally infested on experimental plots. Results suggested that a weed-free period between 2-11 leaf stages of maize (GDD= 500-1125) was enough to provide acceptable grain yield. Based on weed infested treatments, a weed free period until theV8 stage was enough to reduce weeds number and dry weight to 64 and 84/6% respectly. Weed interference until late in the season reduces grain yield, biologic yield and harvest index of corn to 36, 28/6 and 19/6% respectly. Thus, it is possible to optimize the timing of weed control, which can serve to reduce the costs and side effects of intensive weed control.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
39
49
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10066_f257f4249f5ca01b8335bdcc87fd0665.pdf
Effect of Gibberellic acid treatment on storage life and quality indices of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cv. Siah Mashhad
A.
Sedighi
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan Iran
author
M.
Gholami
Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan Iran
author
H.
Sarikhani
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan Iran
author
A.
Ershadi
Assistant Professors, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Fruit softening, shrinkage, decay and fruit stem browning are the most important problems in sweet cherry post-harvest storage. This research was conducted to study the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment on storage life and some quality attributes of sweet cherry cv. Siah Mashhad. Gibberellic acid was sprayed on fruits and leaves at four concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg/l, at fruit coloring stage. The treated fruits were harvested at commercial maturity and stored at 0oC. The results showed that GA increased fruit but size and weight significantly delayed the ripening. GA reduced the rate of fruit softening and weight loss during storage in comparison to the control. Furthermore, its application at all three concentrations decreased ethylene production. However, the treated fruits had higher titratable acidity and lower pH values compared to controls. Fruits treated with GA3 at the concentration of 10 mg/l, showed significantly higher firmness and lower fungal decay compared to the others. In addition, GA maintained more fruit stems color and fruit freshness. Our results indicated that GA is an effective substance on maintaining sweet cherry quality during post-harvest storage period.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
51
61
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10067_04ade4e7012710f9a8e6a1d9c86a4e73.pdf
Trend of physiological growth indices of three grain sorghum cultivars affected by sowing date
M.
Aghaalikhani
Associate Professor of Agronomy Department, Tarbiat Modares University
author
M.
Safari
M.Sc. of Agronomy Department, Tarbiat Modares University
author
text
article
2013
per
Given the important role of crop growth indices for explanation of cultivars yield differences in diverse environmental and agronomical circumstances, this experiment was conducted at research field of Tarbiat Modares University during 2007 growing season. Experimental treatments were arranged in split-plot layout based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. In this research, sowing dates (8th June, 28th June and 18th July) were considered as the main plots and grain sorghum cultivars (Payam, Sepideh and Kimia) were arranged in sub plots. By means of measurement of dry weight and leaf area during several sampling in growing season of sorghum, some important physiological growth indices including total dry matter (TDM), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were estimated and calculated using functional approach based on growing degree days. Results showed that delayed sowing date reduced sorghum dry weight accumulation. The CGR trend was directly related to dry weight accumulation, so that Sepideh cultivar in first sowing date obtained the highest amount of growth rate and dry matter. Dry matter increment in this cultivar in first sowing date was accompanied by dry weight panicle (165.93 g/m2). The relative growth rate of all cultivars in second sowing date had the highest amount. Results in case of the interaction between LAI and NAR showed, despite Payam cultivar having earning lower leaf area index, that NAR in this cultivar was superior. Finally, payam cultivar took an average amount of CGR. Sepideh cultivar, taking the average amount of NAR (0.763 g/m2/gdd) and LAI (2.65), showed higher amount of CGR (2.06 g/m2/gdd). Therefore, obtaining the highest amounts of CGR and RGR in second sowing date (28th June) could be introduced as the mechanism of superior grain yield (6777.2 kg/ha) and harvest index (48.75 %) in Sepideh cultivar.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
63
78
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10068_c04ea28de633ab4437616f4fe03afd5e.pdf
Effects of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers on growth analysis of maize S.C. 704 with different irrigation regimes
A.A.
Koliaei
M.Sc. in Agronomy, University of Tehran, Aboureihan College
author
G.
Akbari
Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Aboureihan College, Iran
author
A.
Rahnama
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
O.
Armandpisheh
Ph.D. Student of Ferdowsi University of Mahshhad, Iran
author
M.R.
Labbafi Hossianabadi
Cultivation and Development Department of Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
In order to study the influence of various irrigation regimes (drought stress), biological fertilizers (a combination of two Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms) and different amounts of phosphorus fertilizers on some physiological indices of maize SC 704, a factorial split plot design in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) was conducted with three replications at the research field of Aboureihan Campus- Tehran University, Iran. The main plots were three irrigation regimes including 75, 100 and 125 mm (accumulative daily evaporation from the cap class A). The subplots were considered to be a mixture of the biological fertilizers in two levels (applied and non-applied) with triple superphosphate fertilizer in four levels including 0, 75, 150 and 225 kg/ha on factorial basis. The trends in the leaf area index, crop growth rate and relative growth rate were studied. By deviation from the optimal moisture and nutritional condition, a decrease in leaf area was caused to reduce crop growth rate and total dry matter in sever stress conditions (12 mm evaporation from the cap) and non-application of biological and chemical fertilizers. The maximum leaf area index (LAI) was observed in normal conditions at anthesis phase (LAI= 5.7), while it was lower at sever stress conditions (LAI= 3.14). In 12 fully expanded leaf stage, a similar increasing trend was observed with respect to leaf area index by appling 150 and 225 kg/ha chemical fertilizer, and it was significantly different from non-application of fertilizer. When biological fertilizer was appllied alone, there were no significant differences in leaf area index.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
79
88
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10071_c8543af3fc6e5f6c905865a1a92dd7dc.pdf
Influence of soil incorporating wheat residues on agronomic and physiological traits of red common bean
F.
Salehi
Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran
author
M.J.
Bahrani
Professor, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
author
S.A.R.
S.A.R. Kazemeini
Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
author
H.
Pakniyat
Associate Professor, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
author
N.A.
Karimian
Professor, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Crop residues are useful substances that can have important changes in soil biologic, chemical and physical properties and also can increase or stabilize crops yield. In order to save crop residues, incorporate them into the soil and their effects on agronomic, physiologic, yield and yield components of two red bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), an experiment was conducted as split plot arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications during summer in 2008 and 2009 in the Research Station of College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran (Bajgah). Main factor was red bean cultivars (Sayyad and D81083) and sub factor was wheat residues rates (0, 25, 50 and 75%). Results showed that both cultivars had some differences in plant height, the distance of the lowest node from the soil, 100-seed weight and number of seed per pod and seed yield. Crop residue caused to change in biomass duration (a physiological index). Application of crop residues decreased a significant difference in biomass duration and seed yield, which can be attributed to the inhibitory effects of heavy residues. The highest seed yield (2370.4 kg ha-1) was obtained from 25% crop residue incorporation, with no significant difference with 50% crop residues (2313.9 kg ha-1) and without crop residues incorporation (2234 kg ha-1). Therefore, planting Sayyad cultivar and maintenance of at least 25% wheat crop residues are required to improve seed yield of red common bean.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
89
101
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10086_67450a90b2ebb38d9cc92751b1d48132.pdf
Effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers systems on yield and yield components of wheat genotypes (T. aestivum and T. durum) in Ahvaz conditions
A.
Lotfi Jala Abadi
Ph.D, Student Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
S.A.
Siadat
Professor Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechmology, College of Agriculture, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
A.
Bakhsandeh
Professor Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechmology, College of Agriculture, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
Ghodratallah
Fathi
Professor Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechmology, College of Agriculture, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
K.
Alemi Saied
Assistant Professor Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
In order to study the effect of fertilizer systems and cultivars on wheat production, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Ramin, North of Ahvaz, Iran, in 2008- 2009 growing season. Treatments were arranged as a split-plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Fertilizer treatments in four (low input chemical system, high input chemical system, chicken manure and chicken manure + biofetilizers) and six cultivars (Veenak, Chamran, Star, D-79-15, Karkheh and SP-50) were in main plots and sub plots respectively. The results indicated that in integrated system, grain yield (7042/5 kg/ha) significantly increased and this system showed no significance difference from high input chemical system (6530.9 kg/h). Also, the biological yield, harvest index, spiks/m2, 1000-grain weight and chlorophyll content increased with the application of organic manure and biofertilizers. However, the greatest of kernels per spike and grain protein content (12/63 %) were observed by the application of high input chemical system. The highest grain yield, biological yield, harvest index kernel number per spike and chlorophyll content were found at all fertility systems, in late maturing bread (star) and durum (SP50) wheat cultivars. Generally, by application of animal manure and biofertilizers wheat yield and its components increased, as well as from application of inorganic nutrients. In addition, less use of chemical methods led to environmental conservation. Thus, integrated use of animal manure and biofertilizers has been suggested to exploit the suitable yield of wheat besides improving environment.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
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2013
103
116
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10087_7f3282ccd7302844a8673c02fddff536.pdf
The Effect of postharvest application of putrescine and UV-C irradiation on strawberry (Fragaria × ananasa cv. Selva) fruit quality
B.
Siruie Nejad
Graduated M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
author
S.M.H.
Mortazavi
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
author
N.
Moalemmi
Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
author
S.
Eshghi
Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Shiraz University , Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
Strawberry fruit due to the soft tissue and high metabolism has a short postharvest life. In this study, the effect of putrescine (1 and 2 mM) and UV-C irradiation at 0.72 KJ/m2 on postharvest quality of strawberry fruit cv. ‘Selva’ was studied during 10 days of storage at 4°C. Fruits treated with both putrescine concentrations had higher firmness, vitamin C, anthocyanin, phenolic content and antioxidants capacity and showed lower weight loss in terms of storage duration. However, UV-C irradiation had no significant effects on most studied parameters, it helped to maintain more anthocyanin content especially at 6-10 days of storage. Among three color spaces, L and hue angle were not affected by applied treatments but Chroma showed higher values in fruits treated with two putrescine concentrations and UV-C irradiation. Generally, putrescine immersion and ultraviolet radiation treatment could effectively maintain the postharvest quality of strawberry fruit.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
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2013
117
127
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10099_d371907f359f60f054d478cb4d0d47fe.pdf
Effect of row planting design and planting distance on flowering and quality of gladiolus cut flower (Gladiolus hybrida cv. Oscar (
M.H.
Daneshvar
Associate Professor, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
M.
Heidari
Assistant Professor, Ramin Agricultural Research and Natural resources University, Khozestan, Iran
author
text
article
2013
per
The increasing of planting density of bulbous flowers is one of the most important step for more production of ornamental plants. One of the possible methods for increasing density, is cultivation of bulb plants in multiple rows pattern. In this research, the effect of one, two, and three row planting design bed were investigated on flowering and quality of Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrida cv.Oscar) cut flower in climatic condition of Mollasani in Khuzestan province, located in south west of Iran on 1388 through 1389.. The treatments were the cultivation of corms in on row of 30 × 20 cm (control) and two and three-bed row (20 cm on row, 30 cm between main row and/or pattern with distance of 15, 20 and 25 cm between subordinate row). The results showed that cultivation of corm in three-row bed pattern with distance of 25 cm between subordinate row and/or cultivation of two-bed and three-bed row in distance between subordinate rows of 15 and 20 cm causes significant decreases on weight of cut flower, stem diameter and height of spike. Height of cut flower was not significantly different only in treatment of two-bed row with distance of 25 cm between subordinate rows when compared to control. The number of cormels were significantly decreased In treatment of three-bed cultivation pattern with distance of 25 cm between subordinate rows, as compared to control. The number of floret, only, in cultivation pattern of two-bed and three-bed row with distance of 15 cm between rows had significantly decreased when compared to control treatment. These treatments had no significant effect on diameter of cut flower, height of spike, diameter, width and weight of corms. The results indicated that the cultivation of gladiolus in pattern of multiple rows is possible but the decrease of distance between rows, reduce the quality of cut flower. It strongly suggested that more researches require to accomplish on various distances on subordinate rows.
Plant Productions
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2588-543X
36
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1
no.
2013
129
140
https://plantproduction.scu.ac.ir/article_10101_ed70572d7a3b1515fee7ac53af74573c.pdf