Plant Productions

The evaluation of water deficit effect on grain yield and physiological characteristics of three canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars

S.M. Hoseini; P. Hassibi; B. Andarzian

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 13-24

Abstract

To investigate water deficit stress influence on stem elongation, flowering stage and some physiological characters of three canola (Brassica napus) cultivars including total ... Read More To investigate water deficit stress influence on stem elongation, flowering stage and some physiological characters of three canola (Brassica napus) cultivars including total dry matter, grain yield, total soluble sugars and starch, proline and osmotic potential this study was carried out in the green house of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2008-2009 growing season. The experiment was factorial based on complete randomized design arrangement in three replications. The first factor comprised cultivars (including Hyola 308, Hyola 401 and RGS003) and the second factor was water deficit stress including water deficit in the early stem elongation to early-flowering stage (D1), early-flowering stage to early sac appearance (D2), early stem elongation to early sac appearance (D3) and normal irrigation conditions (D4). The results showed that the lowest and the highest reduction in shoot dry matter and grain yield was measured in Hyola 401 and Hyola308, respectively. The lowest shoot dry matter was in Hyola 308 (from the early stem elongation to early sac emergence stages) (22 grams per plant) and the highest shoot dry matter was in Hyola 401 (74 grams per plant) in normal conditions. In the stress conditions, shoot dry matter in all cultivars decreased. The amount of reduction during the flowering stage was more than early stem elongation stage showing more sensitivity of flowering stage to the stem elongation stage in water deficit stress. The interaction of water stress and variety showed significant differences in total soluble sugar, starch, proline, osmotic potential (P≤ 0.01), shoots dry matter and grain yield (P≤ 0.05). Furthermore, in the stress conditions participation in osmotic regulation process and reduction of negative effects of water deficit stress increased the amount of the total soluble sugars and proline of leaves. The lowest leaf osmotic potential (-2.23 Mpa) and the highest osmotic potential (-1.65 Mpa) were determined in Hyola 401, and Hyola 308 for D3 and D4 respectively. Decrease (become more negative) of osmotic potential because of more tolerance of Hyola 401 to water deficit stress was also assessed. According to the results of this study, Hyola 401, RGS003 and Hyola 308 were assessed for tolerance, semi tolerance and susceptibility to water deficit stress respectively.

Determination of critical period of weed control in corn (Zea mays L.) in Ahvaz region

A. Gerami; S.A. Siadat; A.M. Bakhshandeh; Ghodratallah Fathi; K. Alami Saeid

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 39-49

Abstract

In order to determine the critical period of weed control in grain corn (Zea mays L.), a field study was conducted at the Ramin University ofAhvaz Research Field in 2009. The experiment ... Read More

Trend of physiological growth indices of three grain sorghum cultivars affected by sowing date

M. Aghaalikhani; M. Safari

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 63-78

Abstract

Given the important role of crop growth indices for explanation of cultivars yield differences in diverse environmental and agronomical circumstances, this experiment was conducted ... Read More Given the important role of crop growth indices for explanation of cultivars yield differences in diverse environmental and agronomical circumstances, this experiment was conducted at research field of Tarbiat Modares University during 2007 growing season. Experimental treatments were arranged in split-plot layout based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. In this research, sowing dates (8th June, 28th June and 18th July) were considered as the main plots and grain sorghum cultivars (Payam, Sepideh and Kimia) were arranged in sub plots. By means of measurement of dry weight and leaf area during several sampling in growing season of sorghum, some important physiological growth indices including total dry matter (TDM), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were estimated and calculated using functional approach based on growing degree days. Results showed that delayed sowing date reduced sorghum dry weight accumulation. The CGR trend was directly related to dry weight accumulation, so that Sepideh cultivar in first sowing date obtained the highest amount of growth rate and dry matter. Dry matter increment in this cultivar in first sowing date was accompanied by dry weight panicle (165.93 g/m2). The relative growth rate of all cultivars in second sowing date had the highest amount. Results in case of the interaction between LAI and NAR showed, despite Payam cultivar having earning lower leaf area index, that NAR in this cultivar was superior. Finally, payam cultivar took an average amount of CGR. Sepideh cultivar, taking the average amount of NAR (0.763 g/m2/gdd) and LAI (2.65), showed higher amount of CGR (2.06 g/m2/gdd). Therefore, obtaining the highest amounts of CGR and RGR in second sowing date (28th June) could be introduced as the mechanism of superior grain yield (6777.2 kg/ha) and harvest index (48.75 %) in Sepideh cultivar.

Effects of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers on growth analysis of maize S.C. 704 with different irrigation regimes

A.A. Koliaei; G. Akbari; A. Rahnama; O. Armandpisheh; M.R. Labbafi Hossianabadi

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 79-88

Abstract

In order to study the influence of various irrigation regimes (drought stress), biological fertilizers (a combination of two Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms) and different ... Read More

Influence of soil incorporating wheat residues on agronomic and physiological traits of red common bean

F. Salehi; M.J. Bahrani; S.A.R. S.A.R. Kazemeini; H. Pakniyat; N.A. Karimian

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 89-101

Abstract

Crop residues are useful substances that can have important changes in soil biologic, chemical and physical properties and also can increase or stabilize crops yield. In order to save ... Read More

Effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers systems on yield and yield components of wheat genotypes (T. aestivum and T. durum) in Ahvaz conditions

A. Lotfi Jala Abadi; S.A. Siadat; A. Bakhsandeh; Ghodratallah Fathi; K. Alemi Saied

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 103-116

Abstract

In order to study the effect of fertilizer systems and cultivars on wheat production, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Ramin, North of ... Read More

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Main Subjects = A: Crops Physiology

The evaluation of water deficit effect on grain yield and physiological characteristics of three canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars

Abstract

Determination of critical period of weed control in corn (Zea mays L.) in Ahvaz region

Abstract

Trend of physiological growth indices of three grain sorghum cultivars affected by sowing date

Abstract

Effects of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers on growth analysis of maize S.C. 704 with different irrigation regimes

Abstract

Influence of soil incorporating wheat residues on agronomic and physiological traits of red common bean

Abstract

Effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers systems on yield and yield components of wheat genotypes (T. aestivum and T. durum) in Ahvaz conditions

Abstract