Plant Productions

The effect of manure and humic acid fertilizer on ions concentrations in cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) under salinity stress

Mahboobeh Sardar; Mohammad Ali Behdani; Seyyd Vahid Eslami; Gholam Reza Zamani

Volume 46, Issue 4 , March 2024, , Pages 491-505

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2023.42864.2075

Abstract

Introduction Cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) has a special position as one of the most important crops in the country. Considering that salinity stress is one of the most important ... Read More Introduction Cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) has a special position as one of the most important crops in the country. Considering that salinity stress is one of the most important stresses, it threatens cotton production in arid and semi-arid regions of the country and the world, it is possible to reduce the adverse effects of salinity stress through application of organic fertilizers (manure and humic acid). In addition, Organic inputs can guarantee both agricultural production and nature conservation. The current approach is to employ the organic compounds like manure and humic acid (that are cost-effective and eco-friendly) as an appropriate substitute for chemical fertilizers.Materials and MethodsThis study was carried out to assess the effect of manure and humic acid application on some elements accumulation and ions concentrations in cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) (cotton leaves) under salinity stress. The experiment was conducted as a factorial split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in the 2019-2020 cropping year in Beshravieh city in South Khorasan. The main plot included different levels of irrigation water salinity at three levels (2.5, 5.5 and 8.5 ds.m-1) and sub-plots consisted of a factorial combination of manure at two levels (0 and 20 t/h) and humic acid at two levels (0 and 200 gr/ 100 kg of seeds as priming). In order to measure the concentration of sodium (Na) and potassium (K) elements, it was done using a flame photometer and chlorine concentration based on the method provided by Johnson and Ulrich (1995). In order to assess the cotton yield, the yield of two consecutive harvests were added together and was considered as the seed cotton yield of each experimental unit. Results and DiscussionThe results of the present study illustrated that the salinity stress increased Na+ and Cl- concentration in cotton leaves and consequently decreased K+ concentration. The increase of salinity stress from 2.5 to 5.5 and 8.5 dSm-1 caused a significant decrease in seed cotton yield. Manure application treatment increased Na+ (13.45%), K+ (2.67%), Cl- (18.30%) concentration in the leaves and seed cotton yield (13/90 %) compared to the no use of manure. Humic acid application treatment decreased Na+ (3.08%), Cl- (9.78%) concentration and increased K+ concentration (4.17%) and cotton yield (9/15 %) and improved the growth conditions compared to the treatment of no use of humic acid. The application of manure (before planting) and humic acid (as priming treatment) increased the seed cotton yield by improving the accumulation of beneficial elements in the leaves under salinity stress conditions. ConclusionBased on the results of this experiment, it can be concluded that the application of manure and humic acid (priming) moderated the negative effects of salinity stress on seed cotton yield. In addition, manure and humic acid can be used as an effective and alternative fertilizer in order to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers and salinity stress in hot and dry climates. Therefore, manure and humic acid (organic fertilizers) are recommended to be applied under (environmental stresses) salinity stress conditions to mitigate the effects of salt stress and obtain a higher seed cotton yield.

The Effect of Sugarcane Residue Compost on Growth and Grain Yield of Triticale under Drought Stress

Seyed Naser Safi; Ali Moshatati; Mohamad Hosein Gharineh; aydin khodaei joghan

Volume 45, Issue 2 , September 2022, , Pages 253-266

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2021.36017.1961

Abstract

IntroductionTriticale is a commercial cereal with a vast potential to feed human and animal. This plant can be cultivated in poor soils that are not suitable for wheat production. In ... Read More IntroductionTriticale is a commercial cereal with a vast potential to feed human and animal. This plant can be cultivated in poor soils that are not suitable for wheat production. In irrigation cutoff stress conditions, reduces growth and yield and yield components of triticale. One of the most important ways to reduce the negative effect of drought stress on plant is using compost fertilizer in the soil. Using compost fertilizer in agricultural soils lead to increase nutrient elements and conserving the soil water. Generally, compost fertilizer of sugarcane residues, improves moisture storage and physical and chemical conditions of the soil. So that sugarcane residue compost fertilizer contributes to preserving the moisture storage of the soil and to supply the nutrients required by the plant. In this study, the most important aim is to study the effect of sugarcane residue compost fertilizer on triticale yield and yield components under irrigation cutoff stress condition in Mollasani region, Ahwaz, Kuzestan province. Materials and MethodsIn order to investigate the effect of sugarcane residue compost fertilizer on growth, yield and yield components of triticale under drought stress conditions, a field experiment using a split-plot arrangement accomplished in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in the research farm of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan (in 31º N, 48º E, 35 Km north-east of Ahwaz, and 20 m above the sea level) during 2018-2019 growing season. Experimental factors include four levels of drought stress (complete irrigation, irrigation cutoff from spike emergence to physiological maturity, irrigation cutoff from pollination stage to physiological maturity and irrigation cutoff from milky-dough stage to physiological maturity) as a main factor in main plots and five amounts of sugarcane residues compost (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t ha-1) as a sub factor in sub-plots. Results and DiscussionAnalysis of variance showed that the effect of drought stress, sugarcane residue compost and their interaction on the measured traits were significant. Mean comparison showed that the maximum amount of triticale traits was obtained in full irrigation and the lowest amount was observed in drought stress from spike emergence to physiological maturity. Also, with increasing the amount of sugarcane residue compost, the amount of traits increased and reached a maximum at the level of 40 t ha-1. Mean comparison of grain yield under the interaction of drought stress and sugarcane residue compost showed that the highest grain yield (4288 kg ha-1) was under full irrigation and 40 t.ha-1 of sugarcane residue compost and the lowest grain yield (1134 kg ha-1) was obtained in drought stress from spike emergence to physiological maturity and non-use of sugarcane residue compost. In the conditions of drought stress caused by the interruption of irrigation, the vegetative and reproductive growth of the plant is reduced, which causes a decrease in yield components and ultimately leads to a decrease in seed yield. On the other hand, the use of compost fertilizer reduces the effect of stress by preserving water and providing nutrients needed for plant growth and leads to an increase in seed yield. ConclusionGenerally, the results showed that drought stress conditions decreased growth, grain yield and yield components of triticale but using sugarcane residues compost fertilizer decreased the negative impact of drought stress conditions on measured traits. Also, in areas with irrigation shortage or lack of rainfall at the beginning of flowering stage, 40 tons per hectare of sugarcane residues compost fertilizer is recommended for maintaining grain yield.

Investigating the Effects of Plant Density, Seed Inoculation with Bacteria and Different Nitrogen Fertilizing Methods on Yield, Yield Components and Essential Oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)

M. Delfieh; Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy; R. Farhoudi

Volume 40, Issue 1 , June 2017, , Pages 111-121

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2016.12436

Abstract

Background and Objectives Fennel is one the most important medicinal and aromatic plants which is widely used in food, medicine and cosmetic industries worldwide. This study was carried ... Read More Background and Objectives Fennel is one the most important medicinal and aromatic plants which is widely used in food, medicine and cosmetic industries worldwide. This study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of different nitrogen nutritional systems including chemical, organic and biologic ones at different plant densities on yield, yield components and seed essential oil content and yield of fennel in south western Iran climatic conditions. Materials and Methods To do this research, a field experiment was carried out in 2013-2014 agricultural season at Islamic Azad University of Shoushtar agricultural college in split plot design with 18 treatments in 4 replications based on completely randomized blocks design. Different nitrogen system treatments consisting of N1: Uniformly spreading urea fertilizer in the plot, half at planting time and other at stem elongation, N2: Uniformly spreading half of urea fertilizer in the plot at planting time and spraying the other half at stem elongation on fennel foliage, N3: cow manure, N4: Inoculation of fennel seeds with Azotobacter and Azospirillum, N5: Applying half of required nitrogen fertilizer from cow manure and other half from urea, N6: Applying half of required nitrogen fertilizer from cow manure + inoculation of fennel seeds with Azotobacter and Azospirillum were applied to the main plots. Three fennel densities consisting of FD1: 60 plant/m2, FD2: 80 plant/m2 and FD3: 100 plant/m2 were applied to subplots. Results Based on the results, utilization of the first integrated treatment which consisted of cow manure and urea as chemical fertilizer at 50:50 percent, along with using 100 plant per m2 as a proper crop density achieved production of 94.575 g/m2 seed yield containing 3.375 percent of essential oil. Other findings showed that Azotobacter+ Azospirillum had no positive effect on plant seed yield and essential oil. Discussions The findings of our study showed that replacing 50 percent of required nitrogen with cow manure in fennel could lead to a favorable quantitative and qualitative seed production as well as the treatments which use 100 percent of nitrogen as chemical fertilizers. It seems that nitrogen application with manure probably through increasing organic matter mineralization and mineral absorption, improved the effectiveness of manure. Therefore application of such a combination not only could lead to a desirable fennel quantity and quality, but also is more consistent with environment. Other findings of the present study showed that seed inoculation with bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + Azospirillum) had no positive effects on plant seed yield and essential oil. For such a result, it could be said that climate and soil conditions and also plant species and varieties are important in bio-fertilizers usefulness and also in determining suitable bacteria species for application.

Effect of Soil Fertilizing Methods on Some Forage Quality and Yield Characterestics of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Under Greenhouse Conditions

E F; A R; H K; R A

Volume 35, Issue 1 , June 2012, , Pages 71-90

Abstract

To study the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on forage yield, quality and growth characteristics in globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) a glasshouse experiment was conducted ... Read More

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Keywords = Organic fertilizer

The effect of manure and humic acid fertilizer on ions concentrations in cotton (Gossypim hirsutum L.) under salinity stress

Abstract

The Effect of Sugarcane Residue Compost on Growth and Grain Yield of Triticale under Drought Stress

Abstract

Investigating the Effects of Plant Density, Seed Inoculation with Bacteria and Different Nitrogen Fertilizing Methods on Yield, Yield Components and Essential Oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)

Abstract

Effect of Soil Fertilizing Methods on Some Forage Quality and Yield Characterestics of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Under Greenhouse Conditions

Abstract