Plant Productions

Effect of paclobutrazol on the growth characteristics of two turfgrasses (Festuca arundinaceae L.) and (Poa pratensis L.)

Mostafa Fazeli; Mansour Matloobi; Faribourz Zare Nahandi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 26 May 2024

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2024.44964.2124

Abstract

Introduction: Paclobutrazol is a growth regulator used to control growth and reduce the frequency of mowing in all types of turfgrass plants. This material also affects the height and ... Read More Introduction: Paclobutrazol is a growth regulator used to control growth and reduce the frequency of mowing in all types of turfgrass plants. This material also affects the height and quality of different types of turfgrass. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to compare the growth behavior of two types of turfgrass to paclobutrazol and also to evaluate the possibility of using paclobutrazol to reduce the growth of turfgrass in areas with the climate of Tabriz. Materials and Methods: To determine the effect of paclobutrazol on height, and visual properties of turfgrass such as density, clippings fresh weight, leaf chlorophyll index, length and width of leaf blade, two grass plants Poa pratensis and Festuca arundinacea were treated with paclobutrazol in different concentrations. Grass plants were tested with concentrations of zero (control), 15, 30 and 45 mg/L-1 paclotrazol as foliar spray in 4 replicates of each treatment. This research was carried out in the form of a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design, so that the type of grass as the main factor in 2 levels and paclobutrazol as a secondary factor caused changes in all the evaluated traits in both plant species. P. pratensis and F. aranudinaceae grasses have been tested. Results and Discussion: The results of this research show that paclobutrazol significantly affects the height of P. pratensis and F. aranudinaceae turfgrass plants. This effect is in the form of a significant reduction in the height of plants and controlling their growth. By increasing the concentration of paclobutrazol from zero to 45 mg/L, the height of the plants decreased. In both mentioned types of turfgrass, the most effective concentration was 45 mg/L. By increasing the concentration of paclobutrazol, the density of P. pratensis and F. aranudinaceae turfgrass plants has increased. The increase in density after paclobutrazol treatment was more evident in F. aranudinaceae. In general, the fescue turfgrass plant has stronger foliage, deep and strong roots, and lower density. The only exception was the increase in the chlorophyll index of fescue leaves (10 days after treatment) and P. pratensis (20 days after treatment) and in both of them under the concentration of 30 mg/L of paclobutrazol. Following paclobutrazol treatment and increasing its concentration, the length and width of the leaf blade as well as the clippings fresh weight of turfgrass plants decreased. The reduction in the length and width of the leaf blade was the same in both plants, and the most effective concentration of paclobutrazol was 30 mg/L, and the optimal effect of paclobutrazol was observed up to 30 days after the treatment. In the fourth measurement (40 days after the treatment), the effect of paclobutrazol decreased and there was no significant difference in the length and width of the leaves of the treated plants and the control plants. Conclusion: In general, with the treatment of different concentrations of paclobutrazol, the number of aerial branches produced in F. aranudinaceae was more than that of P. pratensis. Since paclobutrazol is a growth inhibitor and by preventing the synthesis of gibberellin hormone, it prevents plants from elongating, this substance can be used to control the growth of turfgrass plants. This growth control reduces the number of mowing times, reduces fertilizer consumption, increases the efficiency of water use, and ultimately saves the cost of maintaining turfgrass plants. Since paclobutrazol accumulates in the roots and eventually causes the formation of new branches, it can be concluded that the effect of paclobutrazol on the density of F. aranudinaceae is greater than that of P. pratensis.

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The role of foliar application of plant-derived smoke on yield and growth characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)

Amene Akbarzade sharafi; Saeid Jalali Honarmand; Hamidreza Chaghazardi; Mohammad Eghbal Ghobadi

Volume 46, Issue 4 , March 2024, , Pages 523-537

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2024.44408.2114

Abstract

IntroductionFood security concerns have necessitated the increase in agricultural production due to the ever-increasing world population, projected to exceed 9.6 billion people by 2050. ... Read More IntroductionFood security concerns have necessitated the increase in agricultural production due to the ever-increasing world population, projected to exceed 9.6 billion people by 2050. It has been reported that various physicochemical contents of plants are increased by the solution of plant smoke. The biologically active compounds of smoke are soluble in water and in very low concentrations, they cause significant physiological responses in plants. These compounds can be used in the form of aqueous extract under the name of water smoke, by designing a device based on previous research in this field. Through various studies, it has been reported that the smoke enhancing activity is due to the presence of karrikin compounds (KARs). Materials and methodsThis research was carried out in a factorial experiment in base of randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications in the research farm of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, in the crop years 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. The factors included irrigated wheat cultivars (Mihan and Sirvan) and foliar application with a concentration of one liter per hectare in the phenological growth stages of wheat at eleven levels including no application (control), application in the stages of double ridge, second node detectable, ear emergence, anthesis, double ridge + second node detectable, double ridge + ear emergence, double ridge + anthesis, second node detectable + ear emergence, second node detectable + anthesis, ear emergence + anthesis. The studied traits in this research include seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, seed per spike, 1000-seed weight, seed filling duration and seed filling speed. Result and discussionThe results of this study showed that the maximum seed filling speed in foliar application at the stage of second node detectable was average (1.38 mg. day-1) in both Mihan and Sirvan cultivars, and the maximum weight of 1000-seed weight (48.93 g) in Mihan cultivar in foliar application at the stage of ear emergence was obtained, also foliar application in the stage of double ridge + second node detectable had the highest harvest index with average (45.79%) and seed filling duration with average (48.51 days) All of which were in the Mihan cultivar. Foliar application in the stages of double ridge + second node detectable and anthesis caused the highest seed yield with average (6.02 t. ha-1). The maximum number of seeds per spike with average (55.83) and biological yield with average (15.61 t. ha-1) was related to foliar application at the stage of double ridge + ear emergence in Mihan cultivar. ConclusionSmoke water has the necessary potential to increase the quantity of wheat. If the results of this research are confirmed in other researches, it can be recommended to use water smoke as a practical and low-cost technology, especially for poor farmers in developing countries..

Effect of 5- aminolevulinic acid on changes of water deficit stress tolerance index and catalase activity of sweet pepper seedlings (Capsicum annuum L. cv. red bell pepper)

Z. khazaei; M. Sayyari; M. Seydi

Volume 37, Issue 4 , March 2014, , Pages 79-92

Abstract

To study the effect of 5- aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on some physiological responses of sweet pepper under drought stress, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design ... Read More

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Keywords = Growth regulator

Effect of paclobutrazol on the growth characteristics of two turfgrasses (Festuca arundinaceae L.) and (Poa pratensis L.)

Abstract

The role of foliar application of plant-derived smoke on yield and growth characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)

Abstract

Effect of 5- aminolevulinic acid on changes of water deficit stress tolerance index and catalase activity of sweet pepper seedlings (Capsicum annuum L. cv. red bell pepper)

Abstract