Plant Productions

The effect of sources of phosphorus fertilizer on the improvement of nutrient absorption and phosphorus use efficiency in soybean (Glycine max L.)

Saeb Jalalpour; Alireza Yadavi; Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; Razieh Karami

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 January 2025

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2025.48406.2231

Abstract

AbstractIntroduction: After cereals, oilseeds are the second most important source of energy for human societies. Since a large part of the oil used in the country is imported from ... Read More AbstractIntroduction: After cereals, oilseeds are the second most important source of energy for human societies. Since a large part of the oil used in the country is imported from abroad, the cultivation of oilseeds, including soybeans, and their proper management in order to increase yield, is very important. Phosphorus is considered the second limiting element for plant growth after nitrogen, and every year, large amounts of phosphorus in chemical fertilizers become insoluble after entering the soil and are removed from the plant's reach. One of the practical ways to use phosphorus accumulated in the land is the use of biological phosphorus fertilizers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal fungus, inoculation of phosphate biofertilizer on growth and consumption of phosphorus chemical fertilizer in Parsa soybean in 2019 at the research farm of Yasouj University located in Dashtrom. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizal fungus, inoculation of phosphate biofertilizer on growth and consumption of phosphorus chemical fertilizer in Parsa soybean in 2019 at the research farm of Yasouj University located in Dashtrom. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. Test treatments include phosphorus chemical fertilizer (triple superphosphate) at 4 levels: zero, 60 kg.ha-1, 120 kg.ha-1 and 180 kg.ha-1 and biological phosphorus fertilizer at 4 control levels, phosphate bio-fertilizer including Pseudomonas bacteria, mycorrhiza fungus (Glomus mosseae L.) and the combined use of phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungus. Results and Discussion:The results showed that the interaction effect of the applied treatments on the leaf area index was significant and the consumption of 180 kg.ha-1 of chemical fertilizer along with inoculation with phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungus increased the leaf area index by 112.61% compared to the control. Inoculation with phosphorus biofertilizer had a significant increasing effect on the concentration of nutrients in shoot and seed. The highest increase in the concentration of nutrients in shoot and seed was related to inoculation with phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungus and the lowest was related to the control. The interaction of phosphorus chemical fertilizer and biological phosphorus fertilizer on grain yield was significant. The highest seed yield (2085 kg.ha-1) was obtained with the consumption of 180 kg.ha-1 of triple superphosphate and inoculation with phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungus, and the lowest seed yield (971.67 kg.ha-1) was obtained at zero level of chemical fertilizer and and biological fertilizer control treatment. The results showed that with the increase in the use of chemical fertilizers, the phosphorus use efficiency decreases. At the level of 60 kg of superphosphate fertilizer used, the application of phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhiza could create a significant increase in this attribute compared to other levels of biofertilizer and it had a 38.17% increase compared to the control.Conclusion:Therefore, in this research, the incorporation of phosphorus biofertilizers, including phosphate dissolving bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, increased vegetative growth and improved seed yield and plant oil yield, and improved phosphorus utilization efficiency in soybeans. While with the increase in the consumption levels of phosphorus chemical fertilizers, the efficiency of the use of biological fertilizers decreased significantly.

Investigating the spatial variations of water use efficiency, and fertilizer sources for irrigated and rainfed wheat systems in different regions of Iran

Mostafa Torkaman; Soroor Khorramdel; Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam; Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati

Volume 46, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 263-277

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2023.42802.2074

Abstract

IntroductionChemical fertilizers have played a significant role in increasing the yield of agricultural products, especially since the 1950s, but the excessive application of these ... Read More IntroductionChemical fertilizers have played a significant role in increasing the yield of agricultural products, especially since the 1950s, but the excessive application of these fertilizers in recent years has led to environmental pollution and a drop in agricultural productivity, food security, ecosystem and human health, and economic prosperity. Researchers believed that the best and most accessible approach to solve these problems is the improvement of the efficiency indicators of inputs. So, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the use efficiency indicators for nitrogen and phosphorus and water in wheat-irrigated and dryland systems of Iran. Materials and MethodsIn this research, provinces with more than 80% production in irrigated and rainfed systems of Iran were determined and, in each province, cities with more than 80% production of this crop were selected. The required data were collected by using face-to-face interviews and recorded statistics. Afterward, the consumption productivity of inputs was determined, and then the Pearson correlation coefficient between the productivity of different sources was computed. Also, multiple regression was used to determine the relationship between yield with climatic variables and fertilizers and water. For this purpose, the two-year average for total precipitation for irrigated and rainfed systems in each region were extracted. Results and DiscussionThe results revealed that in the main areas of wheat production, the average productivity of nitrogen consumption for irrigated was calculated as 16.69 kg of grains per kg of nitrogen compared to 17.27 kg of grains per kg of nitrogen for rainfed conditions. Contrary to nitrogen, the efficiency of phosphorus consumption in rainfed agriculture was lower than in the irrigated wheat system. Also, the highest correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus productivity for the irrigated system was computed with r=0.506 and the coefficient between nitrogen and water productivity was calculated with r=0.309 for rainfed conditions. The results for regression analysis between yield and climatic and agronomic parameters showed that increases in temperature had a positive effect on grain yield in rainfed conditions. On the other hand, increasing in other parameters such as precipitation, nitrogen, phosphorus, and irrigation in the irrigated and rainfed systems had a direct relationship with grain yield. ConclusionExcess use of nitrogen fertilizers in irrigated wheat systems led to lower nitrogen use efficiency. Although, the grain yield in irrigated conditions was higher than in dryland conditions, due to the sensitivity of using nitrogen by farmers and the adverse effects of excessive use in rainfed wheat, the consumption of nitrogen has been used with more precision and sensitivity. This ultimately led to an increase in the efficiency of nitrogen consumption in rainfed compared to irrigated systems. Unlike nitrogen, the phosphorus use efficiency was lower in rainfed compared to the irrigated system due to the direct effect of soil moisture on the release of phosphorus in the soil. According to these results, nitrogen and water were the most important factors affecting the yield in irrigated and rainfed systems. Also, the regression analysis of the relationship between wheat yield and climatic and agronomic parameters showed that in irrigated systems, nitrogen and irrigation and in rainfed conditions, nitrogen and precipitation had the most impact on grain yield.

Effects of Calcium Nitrate on Nitrate Reductase Activity, Amino Acids, Nitrate and Ion Accumulation of Pistacia Vera L., Badami Zarand, Under Sodium Chloride Stress

S. Nasseri Khollari; M. Heydari; S. Jafari; M.H. Daneshvar

Volume 38, Issue 4 , March 2016, , Pages 35-48

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2016.11833

Abstract

Nitrogen is considered as an essential nutrient for plants and could be taken up in large amounts by plants. Nitrogen fertilizers are known to have beneficial effects when added to ... Read More

Effect of Irrigation Interval and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Seed Yield and Pigment Contents in Dill

M. Amiri; S. Mansoorifar; K.S. Asilan; H. Heidari

Volume 38, Issue 4 , March 2016, , Pages 71-80

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2016.11843

Abstract

In order to determine the optimum irrigation interval and nitrogen fertilizer rate for dill in Kermanshah climate conditions, an experiment was conducted as split plot design with three ... Read More

Nitrate and Nitrite Accumulation in Iranian Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Landraces

S.A. Eftekhari; M. Heidari

Volume 37, Issue 2 , September 2014, , Pages 89-98

Abstract

There is considerable concern that use of high nitrate and nitrite containing vegetables such as spinach could cause diseases. This research was conducted with the objective of examining ... Read More There is considerable concern that use of high nitrate and nitrite containing vegetables such as spinach could cause diseases. This research was conducted with the objective of examining the nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) accumulation in the aerial parts (leaves and petiols) of 44 Iranian spinach (Spinaciaoleracea L.) land races that were obtained from field grown plants. Statistical analysis was conducted by using standard procedures for a randomized complete block design (44 treatments and 3 replications). Nitrate and nitrite contents in the aerial part of samples were determined using UV-Visible Spectrophotometric. Results indicated that the nitrate content in the aerial part of Iranian spinach land races ranged from 3526.5 to 8806.5 μg.g-1 dry weight. The ‘Saleh Abad’ (from ‘Qom’), ‘Rehnan’ (from ‘Isfahan’), ‘Sar Asyab-1’ (from ‘Kerman’), ‘Sirjan’ (from ‘Kerman’), ‘Qazvin’, ‘Zanjan-2’ and ‘Khoram Abad’ were found to contain maximum accumulation on nitrate (8806.5 to 7092 μg.g-1 dry weight). Nitrate concentration in leaves of ‘Sar Asyab-2’ (from ‘Kerman’) and ‘Mahan’ (from ‘Kerman’) was significantly low (3526.5 to 3594 μg.g-1 dry weight, respectively). The nitrite contents were lower (between 73.8 to 188.7 μg.g-1 dry weight( than nitrate content in all Iranian spinach land races. The different spinach land races show the significant effect on the nitrite contents in this study. Spinach land races which were collected from ‘Khoram Abad’, ‘Varamin-1’, ‘Mahan’, ‘Bojnord-1’, ‘Qom’, ‘Sari-2’and ‘Ravar’ (from ‘Kerman’) showed the lowest average of nitrate contents among other land races, with a range of 73.8 to 89.51 μg.g-1 dry weight. While the highest nitrite content in spinach land races were with a range of 188.7 to 163.1 μg.g-1 for ‘Sar Asyab-1’ (from ‘Kerman’), ‘Yazd’, ‘Hamedan’, ‘Karaj’ and ‘Bor An’(from ‘Isfahan’). Results indicated that the mean of nitrate or nitrite content in these land races were statistically significant.The variation of nitrate content in the leaves of Iranian spinach land races also make them ideal for breeding program.

Effect of Nitrogen on Nitrate Accumulation and Nitrate Reductase Activity in Some Iranian Land Races of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

S. Esfandiyari Bayat; S.A. Eftekhari; M. Heidari

Volume 37, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 107-118

Abstract

This study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen on nitrate reductase activity, nitrate content and vegetative growth (based on shoot and root dry ... Read More

Evaluating the use of urban treated sewage and nitrogen on yield and forage production of sweet corn

M.J. Fereidooni; H. Farajee; H.R. Owliaie; A. Salehi

Volume 36, Issue 2 , September 2013, , Pages 35-47

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the interaction of urban treated sewage and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and forage production of sweet corn in research farm of Yasouj, during ... Read More

Sink-source Relationship of Corn at Different Plant Densities and Nitrogen Levels in Mamasani Conditions, Fars Province

n n; h f; e a; a y

Volume 35, Issue 1 , June 2012, , Pages 1-10

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of plant densities and nitrogen levels on yield and sink-source limitation of corn at Mamasani, Fars Province. The factors of the experiment ... Read More

Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Compost and Nitrogen on Forage Quantity and Quality Yield of Sweet Corn

A M; H B; A Y; S M

Volume 35, Issue 1 , June 2012, , Pages 43-54

Abstract

In order to study the influence of municipal solid waste compost and nitrogen fertilizer on forage quantity and quality yield and some morphological traits of sweet cornan experiment ... Read More

Articles in Press

Current Issue

Volume 47 (2024)

Volume 46 (2023)

Volume 45 (2022)

Volume 44 (2021)

Volume 43 (2020)

Volume 42 (2019)

Volume 41 (2018)

Volume 40 (2017)

Volume 39 (2016)

Volume 38 (2015)

Volume 37 (2014)

Volume 36 (2013)

Volume 35 (2012)

Volume 34 (2011)

Volume 33 (2010)

Volume 32 (2009)

Keywords = Nitrogen

The effect of sources of phosphorus fertilizer on the improvement of nutrient absorption and phosphorus use efficiency in soybean (Glycine max L.)

Abstract

Investigating the spatial variations of water use efficiency, and fertilizer sources for irrigated and rainfed wheat systems in different regions of Iran

Abstract

Effects of Calcium Nitrate on Nitrate Reductase Activity, Amino Acids, Nitrate and Ion Accumulation of Pistacia Vera L., Badami Zarand, Under Sodium Chloride Stress

Abstract

Effect of Irrigation Interval and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Seed Yield and Pigment Contents in Dill

Abstract

Nitrate and Nitrite Accumulation in Iranian Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Landraces

Abstract

Effect of Nitrogen on Nitrate Accumulation and Nitrate Reductase Activity in Some Iranian Land Races of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

Abstract

Evaluating the use of urban treated sewage and nitrogen on yield and forage production of sweet corn

Abstract

Sink-source Relationship of Corn at Different Plant Densities and Nitrogen Levels in Mamasani Conditions, Fars Province

Abstract

Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Compost and Nitrogen on Forage Quantity and Quality Yield of Sweet Corn

Abstract