Plant Productions

Evaluation of yield performance of a shattering tolerant sesame genotype under different Planting arrangements in the Darab and Dezful region

Majid Gholamhoseini; Gholamreza Ghodrati; Abolghasem Alhani; Saadolah Mansori; Farnaz Shariati

Volume 46, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 293-305

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2023.43685.2100

Abstract

Introduction Sesame is a low-expected and low-input crop among oilseed crops, which holds economic significance not only in subsistence agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions of ... Read More Introduction Sesame is a low-expected and low-input crop among oilseed crops, which holds economic significance not only in subsistence agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran but also in terms of its agronomical characteristics. Shattering tolerant sesame genotypes are crucial for developing sesame cultivation in countries such as Iran. There is a lack of comprehensive information on crop management, including the optimal planting arrangement for imported shattering tolerant sesame genotypes. Therefore, this research was planned and executed to answer the questions regarding the proper planting arrangement of this genotype in two crucial sesame producing provinces, Khuzestan and Fars. Materials and Methods The experiment was conducted in the Khuzestan (Dezful) and Fars (Darab) Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center fields during 2019 and 2020. A split-block randomized complete block design with three replications was implemented at each location to investigate the effects of 30, 45, and 60 cm row spacing and 5, 8, 11, and 14 cm plant spacing on yield and yield components of shattering tolerant sesame genotypes. The collected data were analyzed using SAS software (version 9.4), and Bartlett's test confirmed homogeneity in the variance of all studied traits. The mean values for both years were presented since the data were consistent. It is important to note that the data from each region were analyzed separately due to inconsistent variances between regions. Statistical significance was determined using an F-test, and protected LSD was used to separate the main effects when necessary. Furthermore, significant interaction effects were separated using the slicing method. Results and Discussion The experiment results indicate that reducing the distance between rows and plants increased plant height in both locations. In Darab, increasing the row distance from 30 to 45 cm increased grain yield by 6%, while a further increase in distance to 60 cm decreased grain yield. The highest seed yield of 659 kg per hectare was obtained in Darab using a planting arrangement of 45x5 cm, and the lowest yield was observed with a 21% decrease in yield for the planting arrangement of 60x14 cm. In Dezful, the maximum seed yield of 684 kg per hectare was obtained with a planting arrangement of 45x11 cm. The study results showed that in both locations, the highest grain yields were achieved with a row distance of 45 cm, and the commonly used row distance of 60 cm did not produce the highest yield in either location. Additionally, in Darab, increasing planting density by up to 42 plants per square meter increased seed yield. In Dezful, the maximum seed yield was obtained at a density of 38 plants per square meter. Conclusion This research suggests that reducing the row distance while maintaining appropriate plant spacing can be a practical approach to achieving high sesame yields. Moreover, increasing plant density can lead to a certain extent of increase in grain yield. However, beyond a certain threshold, as the density further increases, yield decreases due to increased competition among plants. Thus, optimizing planting arrangements, including row and plant spacing, is essential to achieve maximum yields in sesame cultivation.

Effect of Different Seed Rates on Yield and Some Agronomic Traits of Alfalfa Mohageran Ecotype in no-till and conventional tillage Methods in Semirom Region

Masoud Torabi; Mohsen Heidarisoltanabadi

Volume 43, Issue 3 , November 2020, , Pages 375-386

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2019.27979.1690

Abstract

Abstract Background and Objectives In agriculture section, more than half of the consumption energy is used for tillage. No-till systems can provide optimal conditions for some ... Read More Abstract Background and Objectives In agriculture section, more than half of the consumption energy is used for tillage. No-till systems can provide optimal conditions for some crops production because of less energy usage, optimal watering, and physical regime for plant and optimal microbial activities for humus synthesis. Although the climate change and the drought in recent years have restricted alfalfa cultivated area, it still provides about 40% of animal feed within 35 million hectares. Alfalfa with 20% protein is the first forage in the world. Materials and Methods In order to compare alfalfa cultivation in no-till and tillage methods with different rate of seeding, an experiment was carried out as RCBD in the form of a strip split plot plan, during 2013-2015 in Semiroum region, Esfahan province, Iran. The main strip plot (horizontal) was cultivation methods including no-till and conventional tillage methods, and strip subplot (vertical) was the four rate of alfalfa seeding including 10, 20, 30, and 40 kg/ha. The cutting time of alfalfa was the time factor in treatments. The planting operation was carried out after harvesting of barley cereals with 30% residual straw in the mid-summer. The measurable parameters in different treatment included the number of established plants in the first spring, fresh and dry forage yield divided different cuts, stem density divided different cuts, and the numbers and weight of weed. Results Variance analysis showed that there is no significant difference between no-till and conventional tillage methods in terms of fresh and dry forage production. The seeding rate as a sub-factor has significant effect (level 1%) on fresh and dry forage and number of stem per unit area, whereas the interaction effect between cultivation methods with seeding rate has not significant effect on forage production and number of stem per unit area. The plant density, and the number of weeds were affected from cultivation methods (conventional tillage and no-till), whereas the plant density and number of weeds in no-till method was superior to tillage system. The plant density was varied between different of seeding rate, whereas the number of weed has not affected from the seeding rate. Discussion The obtained results indicated that regarding the alfalfa cultivation in no-till method (with 30% residual straw), not only the forage production was equal to conventional tillage method, but also the number of plant in no-till method was higher than tillage method. It seems that the superiority of no-till method in plant referred to proper seed placement because of minimum plough of soil in no-till method. However, the number of weed in no-till method was higher than conventional tillage method, but this item had no effect on the yield and stability of alfalfa, because the presence of weeds was only related to the first cutting. Using the no-till cultivation method with 30 kg of seeding rate per hectare produced 60.76 ton/ha fresh forage and 10.77 ton/ha dry forage.

The effect of different levels of vermicompost and plant density on growth and developmental factors, seed yield and oil content of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.)

H. Neamati; M. Azizi

Volume 36, Issue 2 , September 2013, , Pages 23-34

Abstract

This experiment investigated the effects of different levels of vermicompost and plant density on growth and developmental factors, seed yield and oil content of evening primrose (Oenothera ... Read More

Evaluation of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Plant Density Effects on Yield and Yield Components of Fenugreek in Double Cropping

P. Zandi; A.H. Shirani Rad; J. Daneshian; L. Bazrkar Khatibani

Volume 35, Issue 4 , March 2013, , Pages 81-91

Abstract

In order to study the effect of different rates of nitrogen and plant density on yield and yield components of Fenugreek, a field experiment was laid out at Guilan region in double ... Read More

Effect of Plant Density on Ear Yield and Forage Protein of Four Sweet Corn Hybrids in Yasouj

S D; H F; A Y

Volume 35, Issue 2 , September 2012, , Pages 77-84

Abstract

In order to study the effect of plant density on the yield of four sweet corn hybrids, this experiment was conducted at Yasouj Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center in 2005. ... Read More

Sink-source Relationship of Corn at Different Plant Densities and Nitrogen Levels in Mamasani Conditions, Fars Province

n n; h f; e a; a y

Volume 35, Issue 1 , June 2012, , Pages 1-10

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of plant densities and nitrogen levels on yield and sink-source limitation of corn at Mamasani, Fars Province. The factors of the experiment ... Read More

Effect of Planting Dates and Plant Population Densities on Physiological Indices of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)cv.Chloe

A H; N M; F S

Volume 34, Issue 2 , March 2012, , Pages 73-87

Abstract

In this research the effects of planting dates and plant density on physiological indices of gladiolus were investigated. The experiment consisted of two planting dates (15 October ... Read More

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Keywords = Plant density

Evaluation of yield performance of a shattering tolerant sesame genotype under different Planting arrangements in the Darab and Dezful region

Abstract

Effect of Different Seed Rates on Yield and Some Agronomic Traits of Alfalfa Mohageran Ecotype in no-till and conventional tillage Methods in Semirom Region

Abstract

The effect of different levels of vermicompost and plant density on growth and developmental factors, seed yield and oil content of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.)

Abstract

Evaluation of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Plant Density Effects on Yield and Yield Components of Fenugreek in Double Cropping

Abstract

Effect of Plant Density on Ear Yield and Forage Protein of Four Sweet Corn Hybrids in Yasouj

Abstract

Sink-source Relationship of Corn at Different Plant Densities and Nitrogen Levels in Mamasani Conditions, Fars Province

Abstract

Effect of Planting Dates and Plant Population Densities on Physiological Indices of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)cv.Chloe

Abstract