Nowadays, seed priming technique is used as an improvement factor for germination and seedling emergence under typical and untypical conditions. To determine the effect of the best ...
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Nowadays, seed priming technique is used as an improvement factor for germination and seedling emergence under typical and untypical conditions. To determine the effect of the best pre-treatment material and time priming on seed germination characteristics (germination percentage, germination mean time, radicle length) of chicory’s ecotypes, an experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement with three replications. The factors included four ecotypes (Arak, Isfahan, Shiraz and Tehran), nine pre-treatments solution: GA3 (25 and 250μM), KNO3 (50 and 150 µM), methyl jasmonate MJ (50 and 500μM), polyethylene glycol PEG6000 (-9 and -17 bar) and hydropriming H2O (0 bar) and three priming time (4, 8 and 12 hour) along with control. This experiment combination was examined in two different temperatures separately (10 and 25°C). The results from evaluation of seed priming of chicory’s ecotypes at 10°C showed the maximum percentage of germination and the minimum of germination mean time in ecotypes of Arak, Isfahan, Shiraz and Tehran using H2O and KNO350. In all of the ecotypes, the minimum percentage of germination and the maximum germination mean time using PEG17. H2O and KNO350 treatments had the maximum percentage of germination and the minimum germination mean time at 12- hour time priming. The length of radicle was maximum by using 12- hour time hydropriming but by using 12- hour time MJ500, the length of radicle decreased extremely. At 25°C, pre-treatment of seed chicory’s ecotypes had a significant effect only on germination mean time (p<0.01). In all 4 ecotypes, the minimum germination mean time was obtained by using pre-treatments of GA250, H2O and KNO350.
Volume 35, Issue 3 , December 2012, , Pages 103-115
Abstract
In order to study the effect of ion combination variation on physiological characteristics of two genotypes of canola (Brassica napus L.), a pot experiment was carried out. The experimental ...
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In order to study the effect of ion combination variation on physiological characteristics of two genotypes of canola (Brassica napus L.), a pot experiment was carried out. The experimental design was strip split plot in completely randomized design with three replications. The main factors included of three levels of salinity (control, 8 and 14 dS/m) and ion combination with two levels (NaCl & Na2So4) and the second factor was genotype with two levels (Hayola 401 & RGS000). The measured parameters were fresh weight, LA, SPAD, stomata conductance, RWC and osmotic potential. Results showed that in genotype (Hayola 401 & RGS000), fresh weight, LA, stomata conductance, osmotic potential and RWC significantly decreased by increasing salinity. But by moving from the control level to 8 dS/m the SPAD value increased, while it decreased in 14 dS/m. In NaCl and Na2So4 there was a significant effect to decrease fresh weight, LA and osmotic potential in both genotypes. Also the effect of ion combination on the SPAD value had no significant differences. The most significant effect to decrease the value of stomata conductance was showed by Na2So4. The height fresh and the lowest fresh weight were 10.88 g/plant (in Hayola 401 in control treatment) and 3.60 g/plant (in 14 dS/m of NaCl treatment). The maximum leaf area showed in Hayola 401 (LA=41.2 cm2) in the control treatment and the minimum (LA=16 cm2) was in RGS000 genotype in 14 dS/m which was made by NaCl. Hayola 401 reached the highest stomata conductance (0.26 mol/m2/sec) in control treatment and RGS000 showed the minimum stomata conductance (0.06 mol/m2/sec) in 14 dS/m which was exposed by Na2So4. Although leaf area, stomata conductance, osmotic potential and leaf relative water content were reduced in both genotypes by increasing salinity, this reduction was higher by NaCl.
Sugarcane is a tropical plant and a member of the poaceae family which, despite its low tolerance to cultivation in chilly climates shows no resistance to planing them in subtropical ...
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Sugarcane is a tropical plant and a member of the poaceae family which, despite its low tolerance to cultivation in chilly climates shows no resistance to planing them in subtropical region. In order to evaluate different management methods in sugarcane fields damaged by cooling and yield reduction, a completely randomized block design (RCBD) was carried out with 3 replications and the 4 treatments (CP 48-103 cultivar) in 2008-2009 in Amirkabir Sugar cane company in the south of Ahvaz. The treatments were cutting of plant residue (Base Cutting), burning, application of Cytokinins hormone, and control. The results showed that the treatments had no significant differences in stalks numbers while the treatments of hormones and Base Cutting were significant in height, and the Base Cutting treatment had a maximum height. The Base Cutting, Burning and hormones treatments had significant differences in chlorophyll rate of leaf blade. Qualitative properties such as Recoverable Sugar (R.S) marked no significant differences between other treatments. The sugarcane yield showed a significant difference, where the treatment of Base Cutting had highest yield, but in the case of sugar yield production there were no differences between the treatments. Control, cutting of plant residue, burning and application cytokinins hormone treatments yield were 55375, 57625,56562 and 49125 kg/ha cane and 4651, 4955, 4049 and 4092 kg/ha sugar, respectively. Results indicated that when chilling occurring injury, the suitable economic method is leaving the injured fields without any field practices.
In order to compare the direct sowing and wheat seedling planting grown with different ages and cultures in different dates, an experiment was conducted during 2009-2010 in Ahvaz Agricultural ...
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In order to compare the direct sowing and wheat seedling planting grown with different ages and cultures in different dates, an experiment was conducted during 2009-2010 in Ahvaz Agricultural College. The experiment was carried out to split split plot and in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots included culture methods applied at three levels of seedling planting without cutting, with cutting, and the seed culture. The sub factor included two levels of wheat cultivars, composed of cultivars, varieties of Fong and Chamran and sub-sub plots, including dates of planting seeds and seedlings transplanted at 30 December and 15 January. Results showed that spikelets per spike and spike number were the largest amount in direct planting and the lowest in seedling planting. In planting and transplanting date, treatment of spike lets per spike and grain yield were the highest value on the first planting date (with grain yield 2776.3 kg/ha) and the lowest in the second planting. Between Phong and Chamran cultivars observed, no significant differences were seen in the characteristics of spikelet number per spike, seed number per spike, and 1000 kernel weight. According to the results, delayed seedling transplanting and cultivation reduced the grain yield significantly. Direct culture was move effective than transplanting culture. Comparison of interactions revealed that direct seedling cultivation treatments of Chamran cultivars had the highest yield on the first planting date and seedling treatments had the lowest yield on the second planting date. Then cutting and no cutting seedling treatment of Chamran cultivar had the highest yield on the first planting date. In Khuzestan climate, seedling planting of wheat can be decrease reduction due to, delayed planting during the interruption in rainfall autumn.
This experiment was carried out to study the effects of different planting methods and irrigation levels on yield and yield component of two wheat cultivars, in 2009-2010 in field´s ...
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This experiment was carried out to study the effects of different planting methods and irrigation levels on yield and yield component of two wheat cultivars, in 2009-2010 in field´s of Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University. Experimental design was strip split plot within randomized complete block with three replications. Row factor was planting methods which include: basin, 3 line on the ridges, 6 and 9 lines on the ridges. Column factor was irrigation which included two levels: irrigation after discharge 25% and 50% plant available water in soil, and two cultivars that include Chamran and Stare were in subplot. Results showed that in planting methods, the grain number in spike, spike number per square meter and grain yield, were significant differences. Among planting methods, 3-line method was significantly higher in grain yield (3.62). 9-line method was significantly fewer number of spikes per square meter compare to other methods (28.58), while differences between other methods was not significant. Grain number in spike, basin and three line method, had significant higher than other method (33.89, 34.39). There was no significant difference between irrigation levels. In cultivars, Chamran cultivar in grain yield was significantly higher. Based on the results of the interaction between factors in this experiment, and status of drought and water shortages in the same test conditions, use of ridge planting method especially 3 line method with second irrigation level is recommended.
Stomata have a sensitive role in plant physiology aspect investigation, specially under stress conditions. This experiment was carried out in Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University Research ...
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Stomata have a sensitive role in plant physiology aspect investigation, specially under stress conditions. This experiment was carried out in Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University Research Field in 2005 and 2006 under randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The main plots included three planting date (6 November, 26 November and 16 December) and the subplot were three wheat cultivar (Fong, Chamran and Star). The results showed that the deterrence of the aweraye of flag leaf water potential under planting date treatment was significant (1% level), but flag leaf water potential under different cultivars and the interaction between planting date and cultivars was not significant. RWC (relative water content) was different during grain filling and in four sampling in difference planting date and in cultivars for many sampling observed significant difference but the difference was not significant in cultivars interaction and planting date. Stomata conductance in different grain filling stages in planting date showed significant difference. Also under cultivars, there was a significant difference (1% level) but their interaction was not significant. The most stomata resistance was in third planting date and mean comparison of this character in cultivars showed that near the end of grain filling. The highest and lowest stomata conductance was in Fong and Chamran cultivars, 0.93 and 0.67 cm/s respectively. Planting date interaction and cultivar showed that the first sampling exception, in other grain filling period SPAD number influenced by them and in fourth sampling (28 days after flowering) the first and third planting date allocated 41.34 SPAD number to themselves respectively. Grain filling period coincident with heat stress in near the end of season, induced that effective parameters in yield (ψp, RWC, gs and chlorophyll density) located in undesirable conditions. Changing the planting date (late planting date) which caused coincident grain filling to more heat stress and made the sever effective on grain weight compare to biomass as effective of planting date on grain (1% level) had significant different and maximum seed single dry weight was 45.16 and 36.39 mgr in the first and the third planting date respectively. Also, early Fong cultivar with better use from environmental condition got high yield compared to other two cultivars.
