Plant Productions

Study of Silique Shattering Tolerance Genetic and Related Traits in Winter Oilseed Rape Genotypes Using Diallel Cross Method

Mostafa Eidi Kohnaki; ghaffar kiani; Bahram Alizadeh; Ghorban Ali Nemat Zadeh; Hassan Amiri Oghan

Volume 44, Issue 1 , June 2021, , Pages 65-76

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2019.28332.1714

Abstract

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough the opening of the silique is a valuable mechanism for the distribution of seeds in nature, it is also a significant problem in oilseed rape ... Read More AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough the opening of the silique is a valuable mechanism for the distribution of seeds in nature, it is also a significant problem in oilseed rape cultivation. Seed shedding from siliques at and after maturity is commonly referred to as pod shatter, and it reduces the grain yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). This factor, also called dehiscence, can cause losses of up to 50% of potential grain yield if harvesting is delayed and in adverse weather conditions. As a general consideration, canola is susceptible to shattering, and there is little genetic diversity associated with silique shattering tolerance in its commercial lines hence, increasing shatter tolerance is an important breeding objective. Materials and MethodsIn the present study, eleven parents were used to generate 55 hybrids. The experiment was carried out as a complete randomized block design with three replications at the seed and plant improvement institute. Silique Shattering Tolerance Index (SSTI) using Random Impact Test (RIT) and other related traits were measured during 2018. Griffing's model I of method II was used for the analysis of variance and the estimation of genetic parameters. Correlation coefficients for the studied traits and other calculations were performed using the SPSS software and Excel program. ResultsAnalysis of variance of genotypes showed high genetic diversity for the studied traits. Similarly, the general and specific combining ability variances were significant for most traits such as grain yield and the silique shattering tolerance index. This indicates the contribution of additive and non-additive effects in the genetic control of these traits. The general heritability of the studied traits was observed in the range of 78.81% to 93.87%. Correlation coefficients of traits showed a positive and significant correlation between silique shattering tolerance index with grain yield and oil content. Moreover, Zarfam and ES Artist with a good performance and silique shattering tolerance index are considered the best general combiners. Okapi×Zarfam, Nafis×ES Artist, Ahmadi×Nafis, Ahmadi×ES Neptune, Zarfam×ES Neptune, Nafis×ES Natalie, and Nima×ES Natalie are recommended as the best specific combinations for mechanized oilseed rape harvest and improvement of the shattering tolerance trait. DiscussionLow specific heritability of grain yield can be due to the more outstanding contribution of non-additive effects than additive effects. Various research studied variable estimation for general and specific combining ability and other parameters due to the difference in genetic materials and different weather conditions.

Identification of Restoring Fertility and Maintainer Rice Varieties Using SSR Marker

GH. Kiani

Volume 40, Issue 1 , June 2017, , Pages 81-86

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2016.12363

Abstract

Background and Objectives In classical plant breeding, restorers are identified by the cross test, of existing varieties with cytoplasmic male sterilty (CMS) lines and evaluating F1 ... Read More Background and Objectives In classical plant breeding, restorers are identified by the cross test, of existing varieties with cytoplasmic male sterilty (CMS) lines and evaluating F1 progenies in terms of fertility of pollen and spikelete. Lines showing more than 80 percent fertility of pollen and spikelete are considered as restorer lines. This study aimed at applying marker assisted selection (MAS) using linked SSR markers to restoring fertility (Rf) genes for identification of restorer and maintainer lines in hybrid seed production in rice. Materials and Methods In this study, 15 rice varieties wer planted at the research farm of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources and marker assisted selection (MAS) was used for identification of two Rf genes located on chromosomes 1 and 10 of rice using SSR markers RM171, RM258 and RM3148. The PCR reaction was performed at 94 °C for 5 min; then for 35 cycles of 94 °C for 1 min; 55°C for 1 min; 72 °C for 2 min followed by 72 °C for 5 min. PCR products were resolved by electrophoresis in agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide and then photographed. Results Results of molecular analyses using microsatellite markers RM171, RM258 and RM3148 linked with Rf genes showed that rice varieties namely Hashemi and Deylamani had both Rf genes in their genomes and were considered as putative restorers and were suggested to be test crossed with male sterile lines to assess their F1 generations. Rice varieties namely Shiroudi, Tabesh, Fajr and Shafagh were identified as maintainers. Thus backcross breeding method is suitable for transferring sterile cytoplasm to them for development of new CMS lines. Discussions Identifying restorer lines by means of molecular marker technology is more cost effective and reliable than phenotypic assays especially in hybrid rice production. Restorer and maintainer lines identified in this study could be used for promotion of hybrid rice technology in the country.

Morphological and Molecular Selection of Fertility Restorer Gene(s) in Segragating Populations of Rice

M. Eidi Kohnaki; Gh Kiani; Gh Nematzadeh

Volume 38, Issue 2 , September 2015, , Pages 89-98

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2015.11322

Abstract

Combination of classical breeding with molecular marker-assisted selection speeds up the development of new breeding lines. Lack of appropriate restorer varieties, the low number of ... Read More

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Author = kiani, ghaffar

Study of Silique Shattering Tolerance Genetic and Related Traits in Winter Oilseed Rape Genotypes Using Diallel Cross Method

Abstract

Identification of Restoring Fertility and Maintainer Rice Varieties Using SSR Marker

Abstract

Morphological and Molecular Selection of Fertility Restorer Gene(s) in Segragating Populations of Rice

Abstract