Plant Productions

Micropropagation of Polianthes tuberosa L. Through Direct Organogenesis

Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar; Mehri Havil; Amin Lotfi Jalal Abadi

Volume 45, Issue 2 , September 2022, , Pages 277-286

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2022.36928.1973

Abstract

IntroductionPolianthes tuberosa L. is one of the most important ornamental bulbous plants in tropical and subtropical regions that is cultivating in some regions of Iran. Due to the ... Read More IntroductionPolianthes tuberosa L. is one of the most important ornamental bulbous plants in tropical and subtropical regions that is cultivating in some regions of Iran. Due to the transmission of fungal and bacterial diseases, propagation by bulbs is not affordable. Tissue culture is a good way to produce uniform and disease-free seedling. Therefore, in vitro cultivation of tuberose is a suitable solution to commercial reproduction. Materials and MethodsTo investigate the best method of micropropagation of Polianthes tuberosa, this study was conducted in three experiments (proliferation, root formation and adaptation). The explants used in this study were lateral buds. Ethyl alcohol (70%) and dilute laundry bleach (5.25% active chlorine), benomyl fungicide and dishwashing liquid were used to eliminate surface contamination of the explants. In the first experiment, the effect of different plant growth regulators and MS medium (MS, ½ MS, ¼ MS) on shoot formation of lateral bud was investigated. Lateral bud explants were cultured in MS medium with various plant growth regulators including KIN (0.25, 0.5, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg / L), BAP (0.25 (0.5, 0.1 and 2.0 mg / l) and then the length and number of shoots were evaluated. After forming shoots in the propagation medium, they were transferred to a new environment to form roots.The root formation experiment included tree levels of NAA concentrations, (0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/L) in combination with 0.2 mg/L IBA and control (without growth regulator). Adaptation experiment with 5 Substrate of bed including Peat Moss, Cocopeat, Sand, Peat Moss with Cocopeat (1: 1) and Sand with Cocopeat and Peat Moss (1: 1: 1) was conducted. Results and DiscussionThe results showed that there was a significant difference between various types of plant growth regulators (PGR) and MS culture media at different concentrations and no branch was produced without the use of PGR. In shoot prolifferation experiment, the maximum number of shoots (4.8) was obtained from lateral bud explants in MS medium with 0.25 mg / l BAP in combination with 0.25 mg / l KIN. The highest length of lateral shoot shoots (3.75 cm) was observed in MS medium with 0.25 mg / l KIN in combination with 0.25 mg / l BAP.The results of root formation experiment showed that the highest number of roots was observed in MS medium containing 0.5 mg / l NAA and 0.2 mg / l IBA and the lowest number of roots in control (without plant growth regulator). Treatment of 0.5 mg / l NAA with 0.2 mg / l IBA had the highest root length (1.22 cm). The lowest root length was also observed in the control (without plant growth regulator). In the adaptation test, no significant difference was observed between treatments in survival rate. ConclusionThe results of this study showed that the shoot organogenesis is controlled by the cytokinin with MS medium in different concentrations. It should be mentioned that cytokinin had an important role in the synthesis of RNA, stimulation of the production of protein and the activity of some enzymes. Also, the results showed that the use of cytokinin alone has a beneficial effect on shoot organogenesis.

Effect of Potassium and Boron Foliar application on some of the Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana L.)

Razieh Tofangsazpour; Abdolmahdi Bakhshandeh; Alireza Abdalimashhadi; Mohammadreza Moraditelavat; amin lotfi jalal- abadi

Volume 44, Issue 2 , August 2021, , Pages 183-194

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2019.29391.1762

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionIn recent years, in order to increase public awareness about maintaining a healthy body, a lot of research has been done on the use of sweeteners to find ingrained ... Read More AbstractIntroductionIn recent years, in order to increase public awareness about maintaining a healthy body, a lot of research has been done on the use of sweeteners to find ingrained types of them. Accordingly, new sources have been proposed for the preparation of these food additives one of the most appropriate plant of which is Stevia. In the leaves of Stevia, different varieties of steviol glicosides are produced which are much sweeter than normal sugar. The success percentage of the uptake of food elements through leaf feeding is about 95%, and in the way of attraction through the root is about 10%. In fact, foliar spraying is a shortcut for plant nutrition. Although potassium is one of the essential macro elements in the enzymatic activities of the plant, there is little recognition about its impact on the plant. Also, boron is an essential micro element for vascular plants and is involved in the transport of carbohydrate, cellular differentiation, cell wall synthesis and membrane health. The aim of this study was to consider the effect of potassium and boron foliar spraying on qualitative and quantitative yield of Stevia. Materials and MethodsThis research was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications in experimental field of Khoozestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Sciences University, during 2016-2017 cropping season. Experimental factors were included: boron foliar spraying from boric acid source at four levels (0, 25, 50 & 75 ppm) and potassium foliar spraying from potassium sulfate source at three levels (0, 10000, 15000 ppm). Results and DiscussionThe results revealed that the interaction of potassium and boron foliar spraying resulted in significant difference dry matter yield, leaf yield, plant height, leaf area index, percent of leaf stevioside, percent of leaf nitrogen, leaf potassium contentnt and leaf boron content. The treatments combination of 15000 ppm potassium and 50 ppm boron produced the highest dry matter yield (1495/8 kg/h), but created no significant difference with treatments combination of 15000 ppm potassium and 75 ppm boron (1490/2 kg/h). Also, treatments combination of 15000 ppm potassium and 75 ppm boron had the highest leaf yield (1134/68 kg/h) and percent of leaf stevioside (10/34 %). The treatments combination of no potassium foliar spraying and 25 ppm boron had the lowest dry matter yield (1407/73 kg/h) and leaf yield (725/6 kg/h). The results of this study indicate that potassium and boron foliar spraying had positive effects on dry matter yield, leaf yield and percent of stevioside. Potassi increased enzyme activity through its role in photosynthesis improving synthesis of protein and carbohydrates, translocation of photosynthetic and boron through its role in improving root deployment, carbohydrates translocation. In addition, cell wall synthesis and structure, had significant effect on dry matter yield and leaf yield of stevia. ConclusionDue to its more effective and faster effect of foliar sprying than nutrition (through the root, Salim et al., 2009), the compilation of macro element (potassium) and micro element (boron) foliar sprying did better to achieve the high qualitative and quantitative yield of stevia.

In Vitro Regeneration of Ornamental Crocus (Crocus vernus L.) by Using Plant Growth Regulators

Sara Parvin; Mohammad Hosein Daneshvar; amin lotfi jalal- abadi

Volume 42, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 429-440

https://doi.org/10.22055/ppd.2019.25898.1603

Abstract

Abstract Background and Objectives Crocus flower, which belongs to Iridaceae family, is one of the most important ornamental bulbous plants. The propagation of Crocus vernus ... Read More Abstract Background and Objectives Crocus flower, which belongs to Iridaceae family, is one of the most important ornamental bulbous plants. The propagation of Crocus vernus L. by corm is not commercially affordable due to transmission of fungal and bacterial diseases as well as the long dormancy period which takes 4 to 5 months. Thus, in vitro culture of Crocus vernus is a suitable solution for commercial reproduction. Plant tissue culture technique would be a better alternative for improving quality and production. Materials and Methods In order to micropropagate ornamental saffron, the effect of different culture media on direct organogenesis experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with 3 replications in the tissue culture lab of the Department of Horticulture at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan from 2015 to 2016. The explants used in this experiment were latheral and terminal buds which were evaluated in 10 hormons treatments and control in the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). To eliminate surface contamination, the explants were first immersed under water for 30 minutes after placing the corms. Next, they were placed in high temperature Benlate fungicide solution (55° C) for 30 minutes. Then, they were put in 70% ethanol (ethyl alcohol) for 30 seconds and 15% Sodium hypochlorite solution for 6 minutes. The explants were finally washed three times with sterile distilled water under the air flow bench. The effects of plant growth regulators including BAP (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/l), TDZ (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 mg/l), Kin (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/l) and 0.1mg/l IBA in direct regeneration were investigated. Results The results showed that the kind of plant growth regulators (PGR) and the explant type are very important in regeneration of Crocus vernus so that we can not secure any shoots without PGR. In direct organogenesis experiment, the maximum number of multiple shoots (15.84) was obtained from apical bud explant in MS medium supplemented with 5/0 mg/l TDZ along with 5/0 mg/l BAP, 5/0 mg/l KIN and 1/0 mg/l IBA, after 10 weeks, that had a significant difference with other treatments at 1% Duncan test. We observed 2.o mg/l BAP along with 1/0 mg/l IBA had the greatest effect on the number of corms. Discussion The results showed the shoot regeneration is controlled by the ratio of cytokinin with auxin. It should be mentioned that cytokinin plays a role in the synthesis of RNA, stimulation of the production of protein, and the activity of some enzymes. The results also indicated that the use of cytokinin along with auxin has a beneficial effect on shoot regeneration.

Effect of water height on physiological and agronomical characteristics of rice cultivars in Ahvaz

A. Lotfi jala abadi; S.A. Siadat; G. Fathi; A. Ebdali; A. Gilani

Volume 36, Issue 3 , December 2013, , Pages 77-92

Abstract

In order to study the effect of plot water height on some agronomical and physiological characteristics of rice cultivars in Ahvaz, a field experiment was conducted experimental field ... Read More

Effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers systems on yield and yield components of wheat genotypes (T. aestivum and T. durum) in Ahvaz conditions

A. Lotfi Jala Abadi; S.A. Siadat; A. Bakhsandeh; Ghodratallah Fathi; K. Alemi Saied

Volume 36, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 103-116

Abstract

In order to study the effect of fertilizer systems and cultivars on wheat production, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Ramin, North of ... Read More

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Author = amin lotfi jalal- abadi

Micropropagation of Polianthes tuberosa L. Through Direct Organogenesis

Abstract

Effect of Potassium and Boron Foliar application on some of the Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana L.)

Abstract

In Vitro Regeneration of Ornamental Crocus (Crocus vernus L.) by Using Plant Growth Regulators

Abstract

Effect of water height on physiological and agronomical characteristics of rice cultivars in Ahvaz

Abstract

Effect of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers systems on yield and yield components of wheat genotypes (T. aestivum and T. durum) in Ahvaz conditions

Abstract